Search Results (6,601)

Background and Clinical Significance: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which nonpharmacological neuromodulatory approaches are being explored as adjunctive strategies. Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) using an H-coil can engage broader and deeper cortical networks than conventional focal coils, although anatomically distant structures are expected to be influenced through network modulation rather than direct electromagnetic stimulation. Case Presentation: We describe a five-patient exploratory case series evaluating clinical measures and cerebral perfusion before and three months after high-frequency dTMS targeting the supplementary motor area (SMA). Clinical outcomes included the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Parts I-IV, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), Hoehn–Yahr stage, and Timed Up and Go test. Antiparkinsonian medication regimens and doses remained unchanged during the three-month follow-up. Cerebral perfusion was assessed using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and statistical parametric mapping. No clinical outcome reached nominal statistical significance at follow-up; given the sample size, this should be interpreted as limited statistical power rather than evidence of no effect. At an exploratory voxel-wise threshold of p < 0.001, uncorrected, SPECT identified a 28-voxel cluster of increased regional cerebral blood flow in the right cerebellar cortex (peak MNI coordinates: 22, −38, −44; t = 5.96; z = 3.11). Conclusions: These observations are hypothesis-generating and may reflect network-level modulation of SMA–cerebellar circuitry. Because only five patients were included, no sham-controlled arm was available, and the imaging analysis used an uncorrected exploratory threshold, causal or efficacy claims cannot be made. Larger sham-controlled studies with standardized dose-to-imaging timing, formal neuropsychological assessment, individualized targeting, and prespecified corrected imaging analyses are warranted. Full article

Compact sub-6 GHz and wireless local area network (WLAN) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas require broad impedance coverage and low inter-port coupling within limited footprints. This work presents a two-port Koch-fractal U-slot antenna with a defected ground structure (DGS) on RT/duroid 5880. The design evolves from a rectangular monopole through Koch-edge shaping, U-slot loading, and ground-plane defects. The fabricated two-port prototype exhibits a measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 3.07–6.02 GHz, covering n78, n79, and WLAN, while the measured inter-port isolation exceeds 18.13 dB. The fabricated single-element prototype provides measured realized gains of 1.92, 2.34, and 2.05 dBi at 3.5, 4.7, and 5.5 GHz, respectively. Measurement-derived MIMO metrics yield an envelope correlation coefficient not exceeding 0.002, diversity gain close to 10 dB, channel capacity loss of 0.07–0.10 bits/s/Hz, mean effective gain near −3.1 dB with zero port imbalance, and acceptable in-phase total active reflection coefficient behavior. WLAN-band quadrature phase-shift keying tests at 5.18, 5.50, and 5.825 GHz produce error vector magnitude values of 5.4–9.1%, with derived bit error rate estimates below 10⁻⁶ under an additive white Gaussian noise assumption. The design provides wide measured bandwidth, good isolation, low correlation, and WLAN-band signal-domain validation in a simple printed structure. Full article

To address the broadband noise distribution, complex excitation sources, and insufficient low-frequency attenuation of conventional porous acoustic packages in commercial vehicle cabs, this study proposes a PU–six-cavity Helmholtz metamaterial composite acoustic package for broadband noise reduction. The proposed structure consists of a 30 mm PU porous layer for mid-to-high-frequency dissipation and a 30 mm six-cavity Helmholtz metamaterial layer for low-frequency absorption, forming a 60 mm composite acoustic package. A full-vehicle acoustic model of a commercial vehicle cab was established in VA One to identify the A-weighted sound pressure level (SPL) spectrum at the driver position. The results show that the PU porous acoustic package improves the mid- and high-frequency noise response, whereas pronounced peaks remain in the low- and low-to-mid-frequency ranges. To enhance these bands, the six sub-cavities of the Helmholtz metamaterial were tuned to 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, and 630 Hz through spatial partitioning and cavity grouping. COMSOL (version 6.1) simulations and particle velocity distributions confirmed the multi-peak absorption mechanism and the selective excitation of the corresponding sub-cavities. The composite structure was further validated through impedance-tube measurements, full-vehicle acoustic simulations, and in-vehicle tests. The VA One simulation shows that the total A-weighted SPL at the driver position decreases from 68.25 dB for the PU porous package to 66.01 dB after introducing the six-cavity Helmholtz metamaterial, corresponding to an additional reduction of 2.24 dB. A preliminary in-vehicle test under a stationary idling condition shows that the total A-weighted SPL near the driver’s ear decreases from 55.83 dB(A) to 54.56 dB(A). These results demonstrate that the proposed PU–six-cavity Helmholtz metamaterial composite acoustic package combines broadband porous dissipation with low-frequency resonant absorption, providing a feasible solution for broadband noise control in commercial vehicle cabs. Full article

The transition towards active-learning pedagogies represents an important challenge in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, particularly in Agricultural Engineering courses characterised by mathematically demanding content and complex engineering problem solving. Although gamification and Student Response Systems (SRSs) have shown promising educational potential, empirical evidence regarding their combined application in Agricultural Engineering remains limited. This quasi-experimental repeated-measures study evaluated an Educational Innovation Project integrating the Wooclap Student Response System with structured gamification activities—including educational escape rooms, forensic engineering simulations, collaborative challenges, and peer discussion—in two undergraduate Agricultural Engineering courses at the University of Almería. Academic performance was assessed through short-term (one week) and medium-term (one month) knowledge-retention tests, while students’ perceptions were explored using repeated questionnaire administrations throughout the intervention. Quantitative analyses included descriptive statistics, assessment of normality, paired-samples Student’s t-tests, 95% confidence intervals, and Cohen’s d effect sizes. The intervention was associated with statistically significant improvements in short-term and medium-term academic performance, with medium to large effect sizes, while students also reported high levels of engagement, perceived knowledge retention, technological usability, and reduced academic stress. These findings suggest that integrating a Student Response System with structured gamification may support active learning and knowledge retention in technically demanding Agricultural Engineering courses. Nevertheless, because of the quasi-experimental repeated-measures design and the absence of a parallel control group, the findings should be interpreted as evidence of an association between the instructional approach and the observed educational outcomes rather than as proof of causal effectiveness. Further controlled studies involving larger and more diverse engineering cohorts are warranted. Full article

Background/Objectives: Adolescence is a dynamic neurodevelopmental period during which structured language performance may reflect ongoing biological reorganization processes. This study examined whether inflammatory, nutritional, and hormonal biomarkers were modestly associated with structured language task performance and cognitive performance in healthy pubertal children. Methods: A total of 156 healthy pubertal children (78 female, 78 male; mean age of 11.84 ± 2.98 years) meeting Tanner Stage ≥ 2 were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Language was assessed with the Test of Language Development-Primary: Fourth Edition (TOLD-P:4; Turkish adaptation) and cognition with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), vitamin B12, 25-OH vitamin D, ferritin, and TSH were included as biomarkers. Two-block hierarchical OLS regression and Spearman correlations with Benjamini–Hochberg FDR correction were used. Results: The biomarker block provided a statistically significant incremental contribution to the spoken language model (ΔR² = 0.066, p = 0.041; full model R² = 0.287). The primary test statistic was ΔR². In exploratory coefficient-level analyses that were not corrected for multiple comparisons, the PIV (β = +0.17, p = 0.033) and TSH (β = −0.17, p = 0.031) coefficients reached nominal significance. After FDR correction, PIV was positively associated with WISC-R Verbal score (ρ = +0.24, p_FDR = 0.019) and TSH negatively with TOLD-P:4 Speaking (ρ = −0.22, p_FDR = 0.029). Biomarker contribution to WISC-R Full-Scale IQ was non-significant (ΔR² = 0.049, p = 0.223). Conclusions: At the block level, the biomarker set contributed significantly to the structured spoken-language model but not to the Full-Scale IQ model; however, one of the two FDR-significant bivariate associations involved a verbal cognitive measure (PIV with WISC-R Verbal). Any language-versus-cognition contrast should therefore be interpreted cautiously. The modest effect sizes suggest these relationships are best interpreted within a developmental and neuroimmune framework. Longitudinal and multimodal studies are needed to replicate these findings. Because the TOLD-P:4/TODİL was applied beyond its validated age range (4; 0–8; 11) and its cross-age scoring could not be verified from the retrospective records, all language-based findings are exploratory and require confirmation with an age-validated instrument; the study’s confirmatory finding is the FDR-significant association of PIV with age-appropriate WISC-R Verbal performance. Because the TOLD-P:4/TODİL composite scores could not be verified as comparable across the sample’s age range, all TOLD-P:4-based results reported here are exploratory and hypothesis-generating; the confirmatory analyses rely on the age-appropriate WISC-R outcomes. Full article

Two diastereoisomers of bis(mepirizole)bis(isothiocyanato-κ,N)cobalt(II) (1 and 2) are isolated from the reaction of cobalt(II) thiocyanate and mepirizole, depending on the crystallization solvent (ethanol, 1; acetonitrile, 2). In both crystal structures, the Co(II) ions exhibit distorted octahedral [CoN₄N′₂] environment. The analysis of the packing frameworks shows a cooperative relationship between non-classical H-bonds C(sp³)-H···X (X = N, O, S, π) and π-hole bonds, which control the arrangement of the supramolecular 3D networks. The values of the shortest intermolecular metal–metal separation are 8.584(2) Å in 1 and 8.249(1) Å in 2. Both diastereoisomers exhibit magnetic behavior typical of mononuclear Co(II) systems with significant zero-field splitting (ZFS) values, with D being 75.8(1) and 52.9(2) cm⁻¹ for 1 and 2, respectively. Q-band EPR studies confirm the positive value for the D parameters for both compounds. Alternating current dynamic susceptibility measurements show that 1 and 2 exhibit field-induced slow relaxation of the magnetization, which is reminiscent of single-ion magnet (SIM) behavior. Full article

Industry 5.0 reframes industrial transformation as a human-centric, sustainable and resilient socio-technical transition. Yet comparable country-level evidence on the capabilities that enable this transition remains limited, particularly for late-digitalizing economies. This study benchmarks Türkiye against the 27 European Union member states using a systems-informed multi-criteria decision-making framework. Seven indicators represent three complementary capability domains: enterprise digitalization (artificial intelligence, cloud computing, data analytics and enterprise resource planning), human capability (basic or above-basic digital skills) and innovation capacity (R&D expenditure and high-technology exports). CRITIC–MARCOS is used as the primary model, while the full 2 × 2 combination of CRITIC and Entropy weighting with MARCOS and TOPSIS ranking, equal-domain weighting and indicator-exclusion tests assess sensitivity. Türkiye ranks 28th under CRITIC–MARCOS and remains between 26th and 28th across the principal specifications. Pairwise rank correlations range from 0.932 to 0.981, supporting the stability of Türkiye’s placement in the lower-readiness group despite variation in its exact rank across methods. Türkiye is below the unweighted EU-27 country mean for all indicators, with its largest relative shortfall in high-technology exports. The findings diagnose a structural gap in the digital, human-capability and innovation enablers of Industry 5.0; they do not measure the complete Industry 5.0 construct, particularly its direct human-centric, sustainability and resilience outcomes. Full article

Tight sandstone reservoir effectiveness is governed not by pore volume alone, but by the storage and flow contributions of different pore-throat scales, their structural complexity, and their three-dimensional connectivity. This study investigates tight sandstones of the Benxi Formation deposited in a marine–continental transitional mixed siliciclastic–carbonate setting in the Gaoqiao area, southern Ordos Basin. Petrophysical measurements, red-epoxy-impregnated thin-section petrography, mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP), segment-specific fractal analysis of functionally defined pore-throat regimes, X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and pore-network modeling (PNM) were integrated. The MICP responses define three pore-throat structure types and two data-derived functional boundaries at 0.708 and 0.141 μm, which separate large-pore-throat-dominated, transitional pore-throat, and fine-throat-limited intervals. Using these nominal boundaries, Type I is strongly dominated by the large-pore-throat interval, which accounts for 88.7% of total mercury intrusion, whereas Type II exhibits a mixed large-to-transitional response, and Type III is characterized by negligible large-pore-throat intrusion and pronounced fine-throat restriction. Perturbing both functional boundaries by ±5% and ±10% does not alter these principal functional distinctions, although samples close to the second boundary exhibit the expected local transitional sensitivity. Among the three segment-specific fractal parameters, the fine-throat fractal dimension, D_B, shows the strongest association with median capillary pressure (r = 0.834, p < 0.001) and remains significantly related to displacement pressure, median pore-throat radius, and permeability, whereas D_T shows no significant linear correlation with the tested petrophysical and MICP parameters. The fractions of the largest connected pore cluster in representative Type I–III samples are 90.26%, 72.56%, and 64.65%, while their PNM permeabilities decrease successively from 64.32 mD to 0.850 and 0.121 mD. Together, these results indicate that, for the investigated samples, reservoir effectiveness reflects the combined influence of pore-throat size configuration, segment-specific structural complexity, and three-dimensional network connectivity. Full article

This study presents a small-scale application-oriented vehicle vision-sharing prototype for blocked-view observation in vehicle-following scenarios. The system was implemented using two DuckieBot vehicles and integrates socket-based image transmission, JPEG image compression, You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based object detection, road-plane-aligned image fusion, and fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative (fuzzy-PID) motor control. These modules are adopted as existing techniques and integrated for prototype-level experimental evaluation rather than proposed as new perception, compression, fusion, or control algorithms. Experiments were conducted under controlled small-scale indoor conditions. JPEG compression was quantitatively evaluated using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index measure (SSIM), encoded file size, and processing time. Q75 provided a mean PSNR of 39.8777 dB, a mean SSIM of 0.970522, and an average encoded size of 27.78 KB, representing a practical trade-off between reconstructed image quality and encoded data size. The YOLOv8n obstacle detector achieved a precision of 0.9724, a recall of 0.9571, an mAP@0.5 of 0.9851, and an mAP@0.5:0.95 of 0.8585 on an independent test set. Image-fusion evaluation showed that α = 0.60 produced the highest global mean PSNR, whereas α = 0.90 produced the highest global mean SSIM, indicating that the preferred blending coefficient depends on the selected image-quality criterion. A system-level ablation further distinguished shared-view visualization from a warning-only configuration, with the expected obstacle information presented in all 35 positive trials and no false alarms observed in 10 negative trials. The vehicle-following experiment verified the functional operation of the complete perception-to-control pipeline. The results should be interpreted within the controlled miniature-vehicle setting and should not be directly generalized to full-scale vehicles or real-road advanced driver assistance systems. Full article

Although vegetation restoration is widely applied to reverse desertification in alpine sandy lands, its duration-dependent coordination of soil phosphorus (P) pools and biological P cycling remains unclear. We examined alpine sandy lands restored with Salix cupularis for 5, 10, 15, and 20 years on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, using non-restored natural sandy land (CK) as the control. Systematic measurements included soil total P (TP), available P (AP), the P activation coefficient (PAC), labile, moderately labile, and non-labile P fractions, microbial biomass P (MBP), five phosphatase activities, and the relative abundances of phoC, phoD, and pqqC. Relative to CK, restoration significantly increased every measured indicator except non-labile P. After 20 years of restoration, surface-soil AP and PAC exceeded the control by 174.9% and 133.7%, respectively. Non-labile P content remained statistically unchanged, although its proportional contribution declined as TP and the more available P pools increased. Exploratory partial least-squares structural equation modeling summarized positive associations from P-cycling genes to enzymes (path coefficient = 0.980), from enzymes to active P fractions (0.893), and from active P fractions to P-availability indicators (0.800; all p < 0.01). Whereas, the direct enzyme–P availability association was not significant. This study shows that restoration duration is associated with P accumulation and coordinated microbial–enzymatic cycling that redistributes soil P toward more available pools without detectable depletion of non-labile P. Full article

Autonomous acoustic remote sensing of underwater infrastructure is challenging due to the physical characteristics of 3D sonar and the geometric degeneracy commonly encountered in feature-poor underwater environments. Accurate localization is essential for integrating sequential sonar observations into globally consistent 3D maps; however, existing odometry methods often rely on isotropic noise assumptions despite the highly directional nature of acoustic sensing. This mismatch may cause unreliable measurements to be over-trusted, leading to severe trajectory drift and distortion in sonar-derived 3D reconstructions. To address these challenges, we propose RA-SIDO, a robust and adaptive tightly coupled 3D sonar–inertial–depth odometry framework based on the Error-State Iterated Kalman Filter (ESIKF), which fuses measurements from a 3D sonar, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and a depth sensor for reliable underwater acoustic mapping. The proposed method introduces two mechanisms to handle sonar-specific uncertainties: (1) a physics-based anisotropic acoustic measurement model that distinguishes high-resolution radial range measurements from highly uncertain cross-range angular measurements; (2) an online degeneracy-awareness module that continuously evaluates the minimum eigenvalue of the translational information matrix and dynamically adjusts sensor fusion weights to avoid over-trusting ill-conditioned constraints. Real-world experiments were conducted with an unmanned surface vehicle in underwater infrastructure inspection scenarios. RA-SIDO achieved an ATE RMSE of $0.8924\mathrm{m}$, reducing the error by $16.8\%$ compared with SIDO, the strongest baseline. In addition, the proposed method effectively suppresses longitudinal slip and produces globally consistent 3D acoustic maps of submerged structures. These results validate the potential of RA-SIDO as a robust localization and mapping solution for underwater remote sensing, infrastructure inspection, and acoustic 3D reconstruction in challenging aquatic environments. Full article

High-water-content dredged sludge is difficult to reuse in building foundation systems because its loose fabric, high void ratio and low initial bearing capacity may lead to inadequate construction-stage support and excessive service deformation. This study evaluates a self-developed RT mineral-based cementitious binder for converting dredged sludge into an engineered geomaterial for potential foundation-ground improvement materials. Unconfined compressive strength tests, full stress–strain responses, SEM observation, image-based pore-topology quantification and a fractal poromechanics model were integrated to link mix design, microstructural reconstruction and foundation-related performance. The RT binder generated rapid early strength in the high-water-content sludge. At 3 d, UCS increased from approximately 0.9 MPa at 3% binder dosage to 2.15 MPa at 11% dosage; the 8% mixture reached 1.34 MPa, exceeding the 1.0 MPa material-scale screening level adopted for comparing stabilized foundation-ground candidates. Strength at 8% dosage continued to increase with curing age, although the gain rate decreased after 7 d, indicating rapid early skeleton formation followed by slower structural maturation. Microstructural evidence showed that the improvement was not governed by pore filling alone. C-S-H-like gel phases wrapped and cemented soil particles, whereas needle-like crystals consistent with ettringite morphology bridged and interlocked interparticle spaces, transforming the originally loose sludge fabric into a continuous three-dimensional load-bearing skeleton. The pore area fraction decreased from approximately 51% in untreated sludge to 31.2% at 8% dosage, while the fractal dimension increased to 1.85–1.98. The proposed fractal poromechanics model predicted UCS within ±10% of measured values, confirming that skeleton continuity and pore-topology reconstruction are key descriptors of macroscopic hardening. These findings demonstrate that RT-stabilized dredged sludge is a promising material-scale candidate for building-foundation ground improvement, provided that project-specific bearing capacity, settlement, compaction and durability requirements are further verified. Full article

Background and Objectives: Contact gonioscopy and optical biometry often happen at the same preoperative visit, with no defined interval between them. We asked whether uncomplicated Goldmann three-mirror gonioscopy was followed by short-term changes in optical biometry and calculated intraocular lens (IOL) power and whether any mean change could be positively affirmed as small enough not to matter clinically. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four cataract patients (128 eyes) underwent NIDEK AL-Scan biometry at baseline and 5, 15 and 30 min after unilateral Goldmann three-mirror gonioscopy in this prospective repeated-measures study (2015–2016). The untreated fellow eye served as an internal control. Our primary analysis was a within-patient paired difference-in-differences (DiD) comparison, which modeled the paired-eye structure directly; nested patient/eye mixed-effects models followed as a sensitivity analysis. We recomputed IOL power as a continuous variable for four formulas, SRK/T, Haigis, Hoffer Q and Holladay 1, using the published constants for the implanted lens. Equivalence within ±0.25 D was tested by two one-sided tests (TOSTs), with Holm adjustment across the twelve tests performed. Results: Central corneal thickness (CCT) rose by 3.14 µm at 5 min (95% CI, 1.94 to 4.35; p < 0.001) and by 1.66 µm at 15 min (p = 0.015), returning to baseline by 30 min. That signal sat inside the ±6.2 µm short-term repeatability seen in untreated control eyes. Keratometry moved by no more than 0.11 D, and all four IOL formulas behaved almost identically, the largest mean difference being −0.18 D at 15 min. Equivalence within ±0.25 D was confirmed in unadjusted testing at 5 and 30 min for all four formulas and at 15 min for SRK/T; after Holm adjustment only the four 30 min conclusions and the 5 min conclusion for SRK/T were retained. The selected 0.5 D lens power changed in 33–47% of study eyes and in a comparable 31–52% of untreated control eyes. Conclusions: Procedure-related differences in calculated IOL power were small throughout. The largest was −0.18 D, inside the ±0.25 D margin and well below the 0.5 D interval on which lenses are supplied. Demonstrated equivalence was a narrower claim. After adjustment for multiplicity, it held at 30 min for all four formulas and at 5 min for SRK/T, and at 15 min it was not demonstrated for Haigis, Hoffer Q or Holladay 1. These data therefore do not establish that biometry is unaffected across the whole first half hour, and we make no recommendation about deferring it. The transient CCT signal fell within device repeatability. Step-level changes in selected lens power were as common in eyes that never underwent gonioscopy. All analyses were exploratory and limited to a partial-coherence-class biometer of the study period and to the four formulas tested. Full article

This paper presents a compact, high-performance microstrip tri-band bandpass filter (BPF) based on a cross-coupling structure. By virtue of the structural symmetry, the evenodd mode analytical method based on the ABCD matrix theory is applied to characterize the transmission mechanisms and resonance conditions. Benefiting from the signal transmission between the dual paths, five transmission zeros are generated at 3.14, 3.56, 4.11, 5.55, and 5.61 GHz. Meanwhile, the center frequencies and fractional bandwidths of the three operating bands can be independently adjusted by tuning specific dimensions. The measured center frequencies are located at 2.50, 4.73 and 6.30 GHz, with corresponding 3 dB FBWs of 34.8%, 16.1% and 16.5%, respectively. The measured results show a good agreement with the Ansys HFSS full-wave EM simulations. Full article

Ocean sound speed profile (SSP) is a key parameter for underwater acoustic detection, remote sensing, and seafloor geodetic positioning, and its temporal prediction is essential for improving acoustic positioning accuracy. Conventional direct measurements are inefficient and spatially sparse, while statistical and acoustic inversion methods fail to capture the strong nonlinear evolution of the sound speed field. Among existing time series models, LSTM, a recurrent network for time series forecasting, lacks an explicit receptive field. In contrast, the original TCN, a temporal convolutional network with dilated convolutions, poorly captures local fine structures and relies heavily on empirical tuning. To overcome these limitations, we propose an improved TCN-based SSP prediction method and apply it to seafloor geodetic positioning. The approach first constructs a sound speed increment field via first-order time differencing to remove global trends and highlight local variations. It then employs Optuna (version 4.9.0), a Bayesian sampling-based automatic optimization framework, to automatically tune key TCN parameters within a predefined search space, reducing reliance on manual tuning. The predicted high-resolution sound speed time series is finally used for ray tracing positioning to enhance seafloor geodetic accuracy. Experiments on the GLORYS12V1 reanalysis dataset show that LSTM and the original TCN achieve root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values of 0.414 and 0.299 m/s, as well as 0.360 and 0.258 m/s, respectively, whereas our improved TCN reduces these to 0.205 and 0.131 m/s, substantially outperforming both baselines. In simulated Global Navigation Satellite System–Acoustics (GNSS-A) seafloor positioning, the 3D positioning RMSE drops to about 0.075 m, with improved stability. The proposed method offers an effective solution for accurate SSP time series forecasting and high-precision seafloor geodesy. Full article