An Update on Enterovirus Research, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 758

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Guest Editor
Departments of Pathology, Pediatrics, and Microbiology, Immunology & Tropical Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
Interests: hepatitis viruses; poxviruses; coronaviruses; arboviruses; enterovirus; influenza; clinical and diagnostic virology; virus-host interactions; antiviral development
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Dear Colleagues,

Enteroviruses belong to the family Picornaviridae and consist of 15 species, among which enteroviruses A through D cause infections in humans. Human enteroviruses are responsible for a broad array of diseases ranging from mild respiratory illness and hand, foot, and mouth disease to aseptic meningitis and acute flaccid paralysis. Most school-aged children have serologic evidence of prior infection. Human enteroviruses spread via the fecal–oral and respiratory routes and cause GI or respiratory illness. Viral invasion into the central nervous system, especially in neonates, can cause meningitis, encephalitis, seizures, brain imaging abnormalities, and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae.

Despite the significant global burden of enterovirus infections, there are no approved antiviral agents available for the therapy of enterovirus infections. There are a variety of challenges in the implementation, utilization, and interpretation of novel diagnostic assays for the detection of enteroviral infections in a clinical setting. There are also multiple knowledge gaps in the field of enterovirus research, such as enterovirus life cycle, viral evolution, and virus–host interactions. Considering the clinical significance and global impact of enterovirus infections, efforts to push enterovirus research forward are urgently needed, and this field is attracting increasing attention worldwide. This Special Issue of Viruses aims to highlight the recent progress in research on enteroviruses.

Dr. Benjamin M. Liu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • antivirals
  • enteroviruses
  • picornavirus
  • diagnostics
  • emerging and re-emerging diseases
  • viral proteins
  • virus replication
  • viral targets
  • virus–host interactions
  • vaccine development

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Research

16 pages, 3019 KiB  
Article
Whole-Genome Analysis of G2P[4] Rotavirus Strains in China in 2022 and Comparison of Their Antigenic Epitopes with Vaccine Strains
by Ruyi Che, Jiaxin Fan, Guangping Xiong, Lingshan Kong, Mengjie Dong, Yi Li, Peng Wang, Jianguang Fu, Zhenlu Sun, Song Liu, Caixia Li, Xuan Feng, Xiaoman Sun, Dandi Li and Zhaojun Duan
Viruses 2025, 17(3), 326; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17030326 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 535
Abstract
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. To elucidate the molecular epidemiology of G2P[4] rotavirus in China and the protective effects of vaccines, whole-genome analysis of 13 G2P[4] RVA strains collected from China [...] Read more.
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. To elucidate the molecular epidemiology of G2P[4] rotavirus in China and the protective effects of vaccines, whole-genome analysis of 13 G2P[4] RVA strains collected from China in 2022 was performed. Twelve strains possessed the typical DS-1-like genome constellation G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2. Only GS2265 possessed the genome constellation G2-P[4]-12-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E1-H2. With the exception of the NSP4 segment of GS2265, all other sequences of the 13 G2P[4] RVA strains clustered within the same lineage on phylogenetic analysis. However, QD2210 and SX2205 were grouped into different branches compared to the other strains. In the VP7 antigenic epitopes, four residues differed from the RotaTeq G2 strain; specifically, A87T and D96N in the 7-1a region and S213D and S242N in the 7-1b region. Comparison of the current G2P[4] RVA strains circulating in China with those circulating globally revealed a high degree of sequence identity. High genetic variability among the newly characterized G2P[4] RVA strains suggest the strains evolve fast. Finally, our data suggest that the multivalent RotaTeq vaccine could have provided better protection than the monovalent Rotarix and LLR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Update on Enterovirus Research, 2nd Edition)
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