Nucleocytoviricota

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "General Virology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 March 2026 | Viewed by 718

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Computational Biology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Interests: comparative and evolutionary genomics; dsDNA viruses; discovery and characterization of novel viruses; understanding microbial diversity and viral evolution

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, research on giant viruses and other members of Nucleocytoviricota has seen considerable progress. Nucleocytoviricota is a phylum of widely diverse eukaryotic DNA viruses. Several clades of Nucleocytoviricota independently underwent a dramatic expansion of their genomes, becoming the giants of the virus world. At the same time, some recently described Nucleocytoviricota have relatively small genomes (smaller than 40 kbp) with the genome of the last common ancestor of all Nucleocytoviricota estimated to contain less than a dozen genes. This highlights the flexibility of the Nucleocytoviricota’s genomic structure and the plasticity of their molecular biology.

Nucleocytoviricota infect a broad range of hosts and many of them are extremely important for human economy and health. Some Nucleocytoviricota form complex intracellular structures during their life cycle, and they seem to possess a fascinating array of features for interacting with their hosts. Unlike most known viruses, Nucleocytoviricota have their own specific predators, virophages, that form their own satellite universe within the Bamfordvirae kingdom.

This Special Issue surveys the development in the field of Nucleocytoviricota biology, with a special focus on their biodiversity; interaction with their hosts and virophages; and genomic, evolutionary, and ecological perspectives.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Natalya Yutin
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Nucleocytoviricota
  • giant viruses
  • virophages
  • host–virus (-virophage) interactions
  • virion structure
  • viral ecology
  • diversity and classification
  • evolution of Nucleocytoviricota

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3714 KB  
Article
Unveiling Intra-Clonal Diversity of Monkeypox Virus from Brazil’s First Outbreak Wave
by Amanda Stéphanie Arantes Witt, João Victor Rodrigues Pessoa Carvalho, Izabela Mamede, Talita Emile Ribeiro Adelino, Felipe Campos de Melo Iani, Maurício Teixeira Lima, Thalita Souza Arantes, Denilson Eduardo Silva Cunha, Rodrigo Araújo Lima Rodrigues, Giliane de Souza Trindade, Erna Geessien Kroon, Nidia Esther Colquehuanca Arias, Glória Regina Franco and Jônatas Santos Abrahão
Viruses 2026, 18(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18010062 - 31 Dec 2025
Viewed by 474
Abstract
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen responsible for mpox, a disease characterized by some smallpox-like symptoms, typically mild but occasionally fatal. The largest mpox recorded global outbreak began in May 2022, with over 162,000 cases across 140 countries. Herein, we [...] Read more.
The monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen responsible for mpox, a disease characterized by some smallpox-like symptoms, typically mild but occasionally fatal. The largest mpox recorded global outbreak began in May 2022, with over 162,000 cases across 140 countries. Herein, we have analyzed the intra-clonal diversity of MPXV obtained from a single skin lesion sample from a male patient (June 2022). Three viral clones were obtained following phenotypic evaluation of MPXV lysis plaque characteristics over a three-course infection in BSC-40 cells. Unlike the vaccinia virus Western Reserve (VACV-WR) strain, MPXV clones did not produce comet-like structures, suggesting reduced extracellular enveloped virus (EEV) morphotype release, which is associated with viral dissemination. Whole-genome sequencing and assembly identified subtle differences among clones. Comparative genomic analyses, including synteny and single nucleotide variation (SNV) calling, revealed intra-clonal differences and divergence from clade I and II references, although the variety of mutations found did not reveal possible variations at the protein level. Altogether, these findings suggest that although similar, it is possible that distinct MPXV variants may circulate together and can be found in a single exanthematous lesion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nucleocytoviricota)
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