Herpesvirus Transcriptional Control

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2025) | Viewed by 1682

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
Interests: herpes simplex virus; herpesvirus gene expression; viral latency and reactivation; virus–host interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For over four decades, researchers have studied the transcription of herpesvirus genes to understand their roles in lytic and latent infections and as a paradigm for eukaryotic transcription. The advent of new technologies, approaches and model systems, such as RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq), proteomics and organoid cultures, is providing greater insights into the regulation of herpesvirus transcription during lytic infection and reactivation, as well as the restrictions in viral transcription observed during the establishment and maintenance of latency.

This Special Issue will highlight current research examining herpesvirus–host interactions that modulate viral and/or host transcription, which influence the life cycles and pathogenesis of herpesvirus family members.

Prof. Dr. David Davido
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • herpes simplex virus
  • herpesvirus gene expression
  • viral latency and reactivation
  • virus–host interactions

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 11100 KB  
Article
ATRX Promotes Transcription Initiation of HSV-1 Immediate Early Genes During Early Lytic Infection
by Laura E. M. Dunn, Mackenzie M. Clark and Joel D. Baines
Viruses 2025, 17(9), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17091169 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 684
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) transcribes its genome using host RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in a temporally regulated cascade. We previously proposed a model of Transient Immediate Early gene Mediated Repression (TIEMR), in which early repression of immediate early (IE) genes is [...] Read more.
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) transcribes its genome using host RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in a temporally regulated cascade. We previously proposed a model of Transient Immediate Early gene Mediated Repression (TIEMR), in which early repression of immediate early (IE) genes is relieved to initiate the cascade. Given the rapid association of promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear body (PML-NB) components with incoming HSV-1 genomes, we sought to investigate their roles in TIEMR. siRNA knockdown revealed that depletion of ATRX, but not PML, significantly reduced nascent transcription from viral IE promoters at 1.5 hpi, while DAXX knockdown increased transcription. ChIP-Seq showed ATRX localizes to both transcriptionally active IE genes and restricted non-IE genes, suggesting diverse functions. Notably, ATRX occupancy at active IE promoters correlated with G-quadruplex (G4) motifs, and G4 stabilization mimicked ATRX knockdown by reducing transcription initiation. These findings uncover a previously unrecognized pro-transcriptional role for ATRX at IE genes and suggest that ATRX promotes escape from TIEMR by facilitating transcription initiation and preventing G4-mediated repression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Herpesvirus Transcriptional Control)
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13 pages, 2710 KB  
Article
Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling of Rabbit Kidney Cells Infected with Equine Herpesvirus 8
by Yanfei Ji, Dandan Xu, Wenxuan Si, Yu Zhang, Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Xia Zhao and Wenqiang Liu
Viruses 2025, 17(5), 647; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050647 - 29 Apr 2025
Viewed by 535
Abstract
The present study investigated the host cell response to EHV-8 infection in rabbit kidney (RK-13) cells through transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. At 24 h post-infection, a total of 2118 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with 1338 upregulated and 780 downregulated. At 48 [...] Read more.
The present study investigated the host cell response to EHV-8 infection in rabbit kidney (RK-13) cells through transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. At 24 h post-infection, a total of 2118 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with 1338 upregulated and 780 downregulated. At 48 h, 7388 DEGs were detected, with 4342 upregulated and 3046 downregulated genes. Proteomic analysis revealed 932 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) at 24 h (364 upregulated and 568 downregulated) and 3866 DEPs at 48 h (2285 upregulated and 1581 downregulated). Of these, 237 upregulated and 336 downregulated proteins were common across both time points. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the majority of DEGs and DEPs were enriched in key inflammation-related pathways, notably the TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways. Validation of the transcriptomic and proteomic data was performed using RT-PCR and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), respectively, and confirmed consistent trends for TNFR1, NF-κB p65, and MAP3K8, as reported in the transcriptomic and proteomic screening. These findings suggest that EHV-8 infection may modulate host immune responses by activating the TNF signaling pathway. However, given that RK-13 cells may not fully replicate viral–host interactions in equine species, further in vivo studies in horses and donkeys are required to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the viral pathogenesis in these animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Herpesvirus Transcriptional Control)
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