Monitoring New Viral Diseases in Wild Rabbit and Hares (Lagomorphs)

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 November 2024 | Viewed by 1168

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Foundation for Rabbit Free Australia, P.O. Box 145, Collinswood 5081, SA, Australia
Interests: rabbit ecology; population dynamics; epidemiology; conservation; disease management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Several lethal viral diseases have spread worldwide in domestic European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in recent times. Currently, a new form of rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHDV2) is causing concern because it not only affects European rabbits, but also native hares and rabbits in Europe, North America, and South Africa. The risk to these native lagomorphs is unknown, and is especially worrying in the case of rare and threatened species. Likewise, rabbit Hepatitis E virus (rHEV) is problematic because of the uncertainty regarding the risk of transmission to humans. Nonetheless, the monitoring of these new diseases to detect the spread and impact on rabbits is usually limited. This is especially so in wild rabbits and hares, despite techniques for epidemiological studies in the field being well developed for other rabbit diseases caused by the myxoma virus, MYXV, and RHDV. Indeed, much can be learnt from earlier studies aimed at managing those viruses through developing appropriate vaccines for domestic rabbits or through assessing the effectiveness of those viruses when used for the biological control of rabbits in countries like Australia, where introduced European rabbits are regarded as invasive pests.  For this Special Issue, we invite the submission of original research papers and review articles to bring together information regarding the origin and spread of viruses that affect rabbits and can potentially spread among other lagomorph hosts, allowing us to learn more about virus–host specificity and assess the impact and evolution of this new disease in rabbits and hares.

Prof. Dr. Brian Cooke
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • viruses (MYXV, RHDV, RHDV2, rHEV)

  • new hosts
  • rabbit immune responses
  • epidemiology
  • population impacts
  • disease management

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 3013 KiB  
Article
Detections of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2) Following the 2020 Outbreak in Wild Lagomorphs across the Western United States
by Jourdan M. Ringenberg, Kelsey Weir, Timothy Linder and Julianna Lenoch
Viruses 2024, 16(7), 1106; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16071106 - 10 Jul 2024
Viewed by 572
Abstract
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a highly infectious, often fatal viral disease that affects both domestic and wild lagomorph species. In the United States (U.S.), the virus first was detected in wild lagomorph populations in the southwest in March 2020 and [...] Read more.
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) is a highly infectious, often fatal viral disease that affects both domestic and wild lagomorph species. In the United States (U.S.), the virus first was detected in wild lagomorph populations in the southwest in March 2020 and has continued to be detected in native North American lagomorph species over several years. The susceptibility of host species and exact mechanisms of environmental transmission across the U.S. landscape remain poorly understood. Our study aims to increase the understanding of RHDV2 in wild lagomorph populations by providing a history of detection. We present and summarize results from all RHDV2-suspect wild lagomorph morbidity and mortality samples submitted for diagnostic testing in the U.S. from March 2020 to March 2024. Samples were submitted from 916 wild lagomorphs across eight native North American species in 14 western states, of which 313 (34.2%) tested positive by RHDV2 RT-qPCR. Detections of RHDV2 in pygmy rabbits (Brachylagus idahoensis) and riparian brush rabbits (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) suggest that the risk to threatened and endangered species warrants more attention. Continuing to investigate wild lagomorph morbidity and mortality events and tracking RHDV2 detections over time can help inform on disease epidemiology and wild lagomorph population trends. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring New Viral Diseases in Wild Rabbit and Hares (Lagomorphs))
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