Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging

A special issue of Vehicles (ISSN 2624-8921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2023) | Viewed by 9487

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
Interests: wireless power tranfer; inductive power transmission; electric vehicles; microgrids; energy storage

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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
Interests: wireless power transfer; electric vehicles; smart grids; sensor networks
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Interests: wireless power transfer; resonant converters; electric vehicles; grid connected converters

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric vehicles have experienced exponential growth in recent years. Part of this growth is based on the evolution of technology, cost reduction and the possibility of using renewable energy. However, one of the main limitations for the growth of these vehicles is found in their autonomy and in the charging infrastructure, which means that users do not adopt these vehicles compared to those with internal combustion.

Wireless charging is part of the solution to this problem. This technology not only provides greater security to the process thanks to the non-intervention of users, but also facilitates it by automating it and including new possibilities such as dynamic charging.

For this Special Issue of Vehicles entitled “Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging”, we are encouraging research in the field of wireless charging. Topics include, but are not limited to, magnetic resonant wireless charging, capacitive wireless charging, new topologies, efficiency improvement, control algorithms, guidance and alignment systems and Vehicle to Grid (V2G).

Dr. José González-González
Prof. Dr. Alicia Triviño-Cabrera
Dr. Binh Vu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • magnetic resonance wireless charging
  • inductive charging
  • electric vehicles
  • capacitive wireless charging
  • vehicle to grid
  • compensation topologies
  • dynamic wireless charging
  • coil design

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7213 KiB  
Article
Coil Parameter Analysis for Inductively Coupled Wireless Charging for Electric Vehicles
by Viswanath Chakibanda and Venkata Lakshmi Narayana Komanapalli
Vehicles 2024, 6(1), 468-483; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles6010021 - 28 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
Wireless charging (WC) has gained popularity for the charging of electric vehicles in recent years of research, particularly dynamic wireless charging systems (DWCSs). Among the different topologies of DWCSs, this paper focuses on an inductively coupled wireless charging system (ICWCS). In this ICWCS, [...] Read more.
Wireless charging (WC) has gained popularity for the charging of electric vehicles in recent years of research, particularly dynamic wireless charging systems (DWCSs). Among the different topologies of DWCSs, this paper focuses on an inductively coupled wireless charging system (ICWCS). In this ICWCS, double-D (DD) coils create horizontal and vertical flux components between different pad configurations, which show optimal features in contrast to circular pad coils. In this work, the three-dimensional (3D) finite element technique (FEM) is used to establish the proposed design to observe the coupling coefficient, while the system design’s performance is evaluated using a circuit simulator. In the simulation, the proposed DD coil configuration is used for both the transmitter and receiver sides. It provides the maximum coupling coefficient and efficiency at perfect alignment when using an in-between air gap of 166 mm and six I-type ferrite bars on the transmitter side and five I-type ferrite bars on the receiver side. The coupling coefficient and system parameters, such as power and efficiency, are considered for different misalignments in the proposed configuration. The results of this work satisfy the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J2954 Class 3 criteria. The best results obtained are on account of optimizing the ferrite core, which is achieved by varying its length and width. While varying the ferrite core’s dimensions, 0.2451, as the optimal k value, is obtained at the effective width and length of 57.5 mm and 400 mm, respectively. The simulation results of the Ansys Maxwell 3D software prove the feasibility of the proposed structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging)
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19 pages, 6632 KiB  
Article
A Bidirectional Wireless Power Transfer System with Integrated Near-Field Communication for E-Vehicles
by Weizhou Ye and Nejila Parspour
Vehicles 2024, 6(1), 256-274; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles6010011 - 24 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1512
Abstract
This paper presents the design of a bidirectional wireless power and information transfer system. The wireless information transfer is based on near-field technology, utilizing communication coils integrated into power transfer coils. Compared with conventional far-field-based communication methods (e.g., Bluetooth and WLAN), the proposed [...] Read more.
This paper presents the design of a bidirectional wireless power and information transfer system. The wireless information transfer is based on near-field technology, utilizing communication coils integrated into power transfer coils. Compared with conventional far-field-based communication methods (e.g., Bluetooth and WLAN), the proposed near-field-based communication method provides a peer-to-peer feature, as well as lower latency, which enables the simple paring of a transmitter and a receiver for power transfer and the real-time updating of control parameters. Using the established communication, control parameters are transmitted from one side of the system to another side, and the co-control of the inverter and the active rectifier is realized. In addition, this work innovatively presents the communication-signal-based synchronization of an inverter and a rectifier, which requires no AC current sensing in the power path and no complex algorithm for stabilization, unlike conventional current-based synchronization methods. The proposed information and power transfer system was measured under different operating conditions, including aligned and misaligned positions, operating points with different charging powers, and forward and reverse power transfer. The results show that the presented prototype allows a bidirectional power transfer of up to 1.2 kW, and efficiency above 90% for the power ranges from 0.6 kW to 1.2 kW was obtained. Furthermore, the integrated communication is robust to the crosstalk from the power transfer and misalignment, and a zero BER (bit error rate) and ultra-low latency of 15.36 µs are achieved. The presented work thus provides a novel solution to the synchronization and real-time co-control of an active rectifier and an inverter in a wireless power transfer system, utilizing integrated near-field-based communication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging)
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21 pages, 4735 KiB  
Article
EMC of Inductive Automotive Charging Systems According to Standard SAE J2954
by Emir Sulejmani, Michael Beltle and Stefan Tenbohlen
Vehicles 2023, 5(4), 1532-1552; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5040083 - 28 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2024
Abstract
To increase the acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs), inductive charging technology can be an important tool because of the simplified charging process for the user. This paper presents the fundamentals of wireless power transfer (WPT) for EVs, while focusing on electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). [...] Read more.
To increase the acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs), inductive charging technology can be an important tool because of the simplified charging process for the user. This paper presents the fundamentals of wireless power transfer (WPT) for EVs, while focusing on electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). This work deals with the investigation of the conducted and field-bound interference emissions using a WPT system with a max. input power of 3.6 kW. During the research, a new frequency-tracking algorithm is developed, to find the optimal operating frequency at any coil misalignment. The impedance behavior as well as the possible interference paths are investigated, showing the great geometric influence of the test bench setup. The conducted interference currents are analyzed and subsequently filtered. The filter shows good performance in attenuating common mode currents. The measured radiated magnetic field is directly rated against the proposed limits of various standards. Finally, the EMC influence of the direct current (DC) power supply line to the inverter is examined, which is not defined precisely in the standard. This underlines the significance of a standardized test setup, since the limit values can be met under different geometric circumstances of the DC cable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging)
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15 pages, 4821 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Wireless Charging Performance Enhancement for Electric Vehicles: Mutual Inductance, Power Transfer Capability, and Efficiency
by Kantipudi V. V. S. R. Chowdary, Kundan Kumar, Byamakesh Nayak, Abhay Kumar and Manuele Bertoluzzo
Vehicles 2023, 5(4), 1313-1327; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5040072 - 2 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3246
Abstract
Electric vehicles are becoming more popular as an alternative to conventional gasoline-powered vehicles. In order to strengthen charging infrastructure, dynamic wireless charging (DWC) is a promising technology through which the vehicle battery can be continuously charged while the vehicle is in motion. The [...] Read more.
Electric vehicles are becoming more popular as an alternative to conventional gasoline-powered vehicles. In order to strengthen charging infrastructure, dynamic wireless charging (DWC) is a promising technology through which the vehicle battery can be continuously charged while the vehicle is in motion. The main challenge of the DWC system is to investigate the capability for power transfer with the variation in operating parameters in consideration of enhanced efficiency. This study proposes an innovative approach to improve the performance of dynamic wireless charging systems by investigating the magnetic coupler via finite element analysis, exploring power pulsation and mutual inductances with variations in longitudinal, lateral, and air gap distances as variable factors. In addition to this, efficiency analysis is also explored with respect to the mutual inductance and various compensation schemes. The simulation studies are carried out using computer-assisted software, i.e., COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5 and MATLAB version 2022b. Finally, a comparative analysis of power transferred, mutual inductance, and efficiency is presented by the compensation schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging)
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