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Universe
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Advanced Studies in Gravitational Waves
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Advanced Studies in Gravitational Waves

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Gravitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 2491

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Arnab Dasgupta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Interests: particle physics; high-energy physics; high-energy physics theory; theoretical high-energy physics; astroparticle physics; fundamental physics; theoretical particle physics; field theory

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advent of the discovery of the first gravitational wave (GW) signal due to the merger of two black holes by the experimental LIGO and VIRGO collaborations in 2015 has pushed us into a new era. There has also been the detection of a number of binary coalescence signals, along with the detection of the merger of two black holes with a wide and continuous range of composite stellar size masses. In addition to these discoveries, there are many other astrophysical sources which will yield detectable GW signals that will lead to, in the near future, terrestrial experiments. Finally, another source of GWs is the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) in our universe, which contains many subcomponents. Firstly, there is a component which is purely astrophysical in nature and consists of the random superposition of individually unresolved signals from all the families of astrophysical sources mentioned above. Additionally, there are other exciting possibilities contributing to the cosmological origins of the GWs. Some of which include first-order phase transitions (FOPTs) in the early universe, inflation, or topological defects such as cosmic strings and domain walls.

 In this Special Issue we will be focusing on the recent advances made with such origins, and also, various paradigms of models responsible for such signals. 

Dr. Arnab Dasgupta
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • early universe phase transition
  • gravitational waves
  • topological defects
  • cosmic strings
  • domain walls
  • inflation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1015 KiB  
Article
Primordial Gravitational Wave- and Curvature Perturbation-Induced Energy Density Perturbations
by Zhe Chang, Yu-Ting Kuang, Xukun Zhang and Jing-Zhi Zhou
Universe 2024, 10(1), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10010039 - 14 Jan 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 861
Abstract
We study the second-order scalar and density perturbations generated by Gaussian curvature perturbations and primordial gravitational waves in the radiation-dominated era. After presenting all the possible second-order source terms, we obtain the explicit expressions of the kernel functions and the power spectra of [...] Read more.
We study the second-order scalar and density perturbations generated by Gaussian curvature perturbations and primordial gravitational waves in the radiation-dominated era. After presenting all the possible second-order source terms, we obtain the explicit expressions of the kernel functions and the power spectra of the second-order scalar perturbations. We show that the primordial gravitational waves might affect second-order energy density perturbation δ(2)=δρ(2)/ρ(0) significantly. The effects of primordial gravitational waves are studied in terms of different kinds of primordial power spectra. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Gravitational Waves)
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16 pages, 766 KiB  
Article
Description and Application of the Surfing Effect
by Michele Maiorano, Francesco De Paolis and Achille A. Nucita
Universe 2022, 8(12), 620; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8120620 - 25 Nov 2022
Viewed by 994
Abstract
The standard technique for very low-frequency gravitational wave detection is mainly based on searching for a specific spatial correlation in the variation of the times of arrival of the radio pulses emitted by millisecond pulsars with respect to a timing model. This spatial [...] Read more.
The standard technique for very low-frequency gravitational wave detection is mainly based on searching for a specific spatial correlation in the variation of the times of arrival of the radio pulses emitted by millisecond pulsars with respect to a timing model. This spatial correlation, which in the case of the gravitational wave background must have the form described by the Hellings and Downs function, has not yet been observed. Therefore, despite the numerous hints of a common red noise in the timing residuals of many millisecond pulsars compatible with that expected for the gravitational wave background, its detection has not yet been achieved. By now, the reason is not completely clear and, from some recent works, the urgency to adopt new detection techniques, possibly complementary to the standard one, is emerging clearly. Of course, this demand also applies to the detection of continuous gravitational waves emitted by supermassive black hole binaries populating the Universe. In the latter case, important information could, in principle, emerge from the millisecond pulsars considered individually in a single-pulsar search of continuous GWs. In this context, the surfing effect can then be exploited, helping to select the best pulsars to carry out such analysis. This paper aims to clarify when the surfing effect occurs and describe it exhaustively. A possible application to the case of the supermassive black hole binary candidate PKS 2131–021 and millisecond pulsar J2145–0750 is also analyzed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Studies in Gravitational Waves)
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