Leukaemia: Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Reports (ISSN 2571-841X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 6528

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
Interests: the use of synthetic retinoids and vitamins D as drug substances; cancer and normal stem cells; anticancer therapies; blood cell development; abnormalities in cancer stem cells
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Guest Editor
Patrick G. Johnson Centre for Cancer Research, Queen’s University Belfast, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
Interests: acute myeloid leukaemia (AML); myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Leukaemia is a neoplastic disease of the white blood cells. In the acute sub-types, cells proliferate and fail to mature normally; whilst in chronic types there is an excess of ineffective mature cells. Leukaemia has two peaks of incidence, first in childhood and the second in old age, and the disease is more common in males than in females. Today, the cure rate is relatively high for children and there has been substantial improvement since Sidney Farber introduced the first chemotherapy trials in the 1940s. Unfortunately and particularly for elderly people, the cure rates are still low for acute leukaemia, and they vary substantially between different types and subtypes of leukaemia. The introduction of Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors has revolutionized the therapy for chronic myeloid leukaemia, whilst the use of all-trans-retinoic acid, to target PML-RARA fusion gene, led to a great improvement in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. These advances exemplify the need to tailor treatments towards the mutation(s) that occurs in each particular subtype of leukaemia. In turn, detailed diagnosis of the genetic insult(s) is also important. This Special Issue of Reports is open for articles that provide insights into the underlying mutations, the diagnostic procedures, the biology of leukaemia, the nature of leukaemia stem cells, and old, new and repurposed therapies including for the treatment of disease relapse.

Prof. Dr. Ewa Marcinkowska
Dr. Geoffrey Brown
Prof. Dr. Ken Mills
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • acute leukaemia
  • chronic leukaemia
  • myelodysplastic syndromes
  • new therapy strategies
  • gene aberrations
  • leukaemia stem cells
  • disease classification and diagnosis
  • disease monitoring

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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8 pages, 4459 KiB  
Case Report
Clonal Evolution of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with del(9)(p13p21) into Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Presenting as an Isolated Testicular Relapse
by Lane H. Miller, Sunita I. Park, Debra Saxe, Glen Lew and Sunil S. Raikar
Reports 2019, 2(3), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports2030018 - 15 Jul 2019
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5708
Abstract
Lineage switch in acute leukemias is a well-reported occurrence; however, most of these cases involve a switch from either lymphoid to myeloid or myeloid to lymphoid lineage. Here, we report a case of a 14-year-old male with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who [...] Read more.
Lineage switch in acute leukemias is a well-reported occurrence; however, most of these cases involve a switch from either lymphoid to myeloid or myeloid to lymphoid lineage. Here, we report a case of a 14-year-old male with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who initially responded well to standard chemotherapy but then later developed mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL) at relapse, likely reflecting a clonal evolution of the original leukemia with a partial phenotypic shift. The patient had a del(9)(p13p21) in his leukemia blasts at diagnosis, and the deletion persisted at relapse along with multiple additional cytogenetic aberrations. Interestingly, the patient presented with an isolated testicular lesion at relapse, which on further analysis revealed both a lymphoid and myeloid component. Unfortunately, the patient did not respond well to treatment at relapse and eventually succumbed to his disease. To our knowledge, an isolated extramedullary MPAL at relapse in a patient with previously diagnosed B-ALL has not been reported in the literature before. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leukaemia: Diagnosis and Treatment)
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