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Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Mitigation in Global...
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Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Mitigation in Global Poultry Industry

A special issue of Poultry (ISSN 2674-1164).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1049

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ilias Giannenas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: animal nutrition; health; antioxidants; feed additives; aromatic and medicinal plants; alternative feedstuffs with bioactive compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vasudevan Gowthaman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Poultry Disease Diagnosis and Surveillance Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Namakkal 637 002, India
Interests: transboundry; zoonotic and emerging diseases of poultry; clinical poultry medicine; respiratory disease complex in poultry; food safety; antimicrobial resistance

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

To meet the increasing demands of chicken meat and eggs, the poultry industry is exponentially growing throughout the world. This has brought huge management and disease challenges, which have ultimately led to an increase in the usage of antimicrobials for growth promotion, improved feed efficiency, and preventing/treating diseases. Despite their important role, the improper use of antimicrobials in poultry farming is one of the major causes attributed to the increase in antimicrobial-resistant bacteria of public health importance, antimicrobial residues in chicken meat and eggs, and environmental contamination. To mitigate the AMR challenge, many countries around the world have banned the use of antibiotic growth promoters and are shifting towards antibiotic-free production. This has led the poultry industry to look for alternatives to antimicrobials. Although the usage of antimicrobials in poultry has been declining in Europe and America, antibiotic-free production is still a big challenge in many parts of the world. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to cover a wide range of research and review topics, including recent trends in antimicrobial resistance in the poultry industry, usage scenarios, levels of resistance, mitigation strategies, and alternatives to antimicrobials in poultry production.

Dr. Ilias Giannenas
Dr. Vasudevan Gowthaman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Poultry is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • AMR in poultry
  • AMR mitigation
  • alternatives to antibiotics
  • AMR-free poultry production

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 11563 KB  
Article
Exploration of the Antibacterial Mechanism of the Aqueous Extract of Bidens pilosa L. Against the Avian Pathogen Escherichia coli
by Beiwen Zhang, Xiaobing Li, Hongxi Li, Chengzhen Weng, Xinxin Huang, Yuhang Jiang, Longxin Qiu and Hongbo Chen
Poultry 2025, 4(4), 52; https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4040052 - 29 Oct 2025
Viewed by 177
Abstract
Bidens pilosa L. extract (BPE), a traditional medicine known for its antimicrobial properties, has not been thoroughly investigated for its potential against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a major pathogen responsible for severe economic losses and high mortality in poultry. This study aimed [...] Read more.
Bidens pilosa L. extract (BPE), a traditional medicine known for its antimicrobial properties, has not been thoroughly investigated for its potential against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), a major pathogen responsible for severe economic losses and high mortality in poultry. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the antibacterial activity of BPE against APEC through both in vivo and in vitro experiments and to explore its underlying mechanisms. In a chicken infection model, BPE treatment led to an 80% cure rate and 20% mortality, in contrast to the 90% diarrhea and 70% mortality observed in the untreated model group. BPE also significantly alleviated intestinal tissue damage and reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β (p < 0.01). In vitro analyses revealed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 625 mg/mL. BPE dose-dependently suppressed bacterial motility, swarming, and biofilm formation (p < 0.01) and markedly increased membrane permeability, indicated by elevated release of nucleic acids, proteins, and alkaline phosphatase (p < 0.001). Moreover, PCR results showed that treatment with BPE at 1/2 MIC for 24 h significantly downregulated multiple virulence-associated genes, including aatA, papC, ibeB, vat, ompA, iss, fyuA, and irp2 (p < 0.01). These results demonstrate that BPE exerts its anti-APEC effects by damaging cell membrane integrity, inhibiting biofilm formation and motility, and suppressing virulence gene expression. Our findings support the potential of BPE as a natural alternative for controlling APEC infections and contribute a scientific basis for the use of traditional herbal medicine in combating bacterial diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Mitigation in Global Poultry Industry)
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24 pages, 2361 KB  
Article
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Colistin, ESBL, and Multidrug Resistance in Escherichia coli Across the Broiler Production Chain in Karnataka, India
by Mohammad Nasim Sohail, Srikrishna Isloor, Doddamane Rathnamma, S. Chandra Priya, Belamaranahally M. Veeregowda, Nagendra R. Hegde, Csaba Varga and Nicola J. Williams
Poultry 2025, 4(4), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry4040051 - 27 Oct 2025
Viewed by 349
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across the broiler production chain holds significant economic, animal, and public health implications. This study investigated phenotypic resistance to 13 antimicrobials and the presence of 35 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Escherichia coli (n = 291) [...] Read more.
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across the broiler production chain holds significant economic, animal, and public health implications. This study investigated phenotypic resistance to 13 antimicrobials and the presence of 35 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Escherichia coli (n = 291) isolated across three broiler production chains (broiler breeder farms, hatcheries, commercial broiler farms, and retail meat shops). An extremely high phenotypic resistance (>70%) to doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, and cefpodoxime, and very high resistance (50–70%) to ampicillin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, and ceftazidime was observed. In addition, 97% of isolates were multidrug-resistant (resistant to ≥1 drug in ≥3 antimicrobial classes), 42% were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers, 65% were resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GCR), and 21% were resistant to colistin. The Poisson regression model revealed no significant difference in AMR among broiler production stages, except for colistin. Among 35 ARGs tested, 24 (67%) were detected at least once. The most prevalent were tetA, blaTEM, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr, while qnrD, sul2, blaOXA, and blaCTX-M were detected at lower levels (1–7%). All five tested mcr genes (mcr-1 to mcr-5) were identified in commercial farms and retail shops. No blaNDM, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetM, qnrC, aac(3)-IIa (aacC2), aph(3)-IIa (aphA2), or aac(6′)-Ib genes were found. A strong correlation was observed between AMR phenotypes and ARGs. High AMR among E. coli in broiler production poses significant One Health risks, with widespread MDR, ESBL production, and resistance to critically important antimicrobials. Prudent antimicrobial use, enhanced surveillance and education, farm biosecurity, and One Health strategies are crucial in mitigating these threats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Mitigation in Global Poultry Industry)
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