Therapeutic Potential of Microbial Enzymes in Cancer, Inflammation, and Infection

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial enzymes have emerged as prospective therapeutic agents due to their distinctive biochemical characteristics, selectivity, and capacity to alter intricate biological circuits. These enzymes originate from bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes and are crucial for the host body's functioning, particularly in regulating the immune system, maintaining metabolic equilibrium, and providing protection. In cancer research, microbial enzymes such as L-asparaginase, hyaluronidase, and lignin-degrading oxidoreductases have proven effective in limiting tumor growth by depriving malignant cells of essential metabolites or breaking extracellular matrix barriers. Researchers are investigating microbial proteases and polysaccharidases to enhance drug delivery and the bioavailability of anticancer agents. They are suitable candidates for adjunct or independent therapy due to their natural origin, reduced systemic toxicity, and potential efficacy on specific targets.
Microbial enzymes are increasingly utilized for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious illnesses, as well as cancer. Serratiopeptidase and nattokinase are two enzymes that mitigate inflammation by degrading pro-inflammatory molecules and modulating cytokine activity. These enzymes may serve as alternatives to conventional non-steroidal medications. Microbial enzymes can degrade bacterial biofilms, enhance the efficacy of antibiotics, and directly inhibit pathogen proliferation, thereby reducing the burden of antimicrobial resistance. Enzymes that modify the immune system also facilitate the restoration of equilibrium between the host and germ, enhancing the body's natural defenses. These discoveries collectively underscore the therapeutic adaptability of microbial enzymes across several disease areas. Subsequent research focusing on enzyme engineering, delivery systems, and clinical validation will be crucial for transforming their potential into safe and effective therapies for cancer, inflammation, and infection.

Dr. Komal Anjum
Guest Editor

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• microbial enzymes cancer therapy anti-inflammatory enzymes biofilm degradation antimicrobial resistance infectious diseases drug delivery enzyme biotechnology