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Lipids and Glucose Physiopathology in Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension
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Lipids and Glucose Physiopathology in Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension

A special issue of Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (ISSN 2308-3425).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 May 2020) | Viewed by 4981

Special Issue Editor

Dr. GianLuca Colussi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Interests: secondary hypertension; pregnacy-related hypertension disorders; emergency medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lipotoxicity has been emerging as important cardiovascular risk factor in patients with insulin resistance and visceral adiposity. Lipotoxicity consists of cell damage induced by lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissues, impaired cell function, and cellular death. Lipotoxicity has been involved in cardiomyopathies, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerosis, and other cardiovascular diseases that often occur in overweight/obese, diabetic, or hypertensive patients. Although several observational studies have showed a relationship between adiposity, free fatty acids, insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases, the molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity are poorly understood. Insulin resistance is associated with increased plasma levels of free fatty acid and a lipid overflow into non-adipose tissues because of the inhibition of the anti-lipolytic action of insulin. The chronic accumulation of fatty acids and their products, diacylglycerols and ceramides, in adipocytes produces the release of adipocytokines and inflammatory mediators that activate subclinical inflammation and oxidative stress. This inflammatory and oxidative environment is thought to be responsible for the initial endothelial dysfunction and the subsequent development of cardiovascular tissue impairment. The aim of this Special Issue is to deepen the physiopathological basis of lipotoxicity by providing experimental studies, clinical observations, or interventional trials that could elucidate the link between alterations of lipids and glucose metabolism, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension.

Dr. GianLuca Colussi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammation
  • insulin resistance
  • aldosterone
  • lipoproteins
  • fatty acids
  • cholesterol
  • adipocytokines
  • cortisol
  • adiposity
  • lipotoxicity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 298 KiB  
Article
Association of Adiposity Indices with Hypertension in Middle-Aged and Elderly Thai Population: National Health Examination Survey 2009 (NHES-IV)
by Hung Nguyen Ngoc, Wantanee Kriengsinyos, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul and Wichai Aekplakorn
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2019, 6(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd6010013 - 13 Mar 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4320
Abstract
Obesity in terms of excess fat mass is associated with increased morbidity, disability and mortality due to obesity-related disorders, including hypertension. Many hypertensive individuals are overweight and often receive their advice to lose weight related to body-fat, in order to lower their blood [...] Read more.
Obesity in terms of excess fat mass is associated with increased morbidity, disability and mortality due to obesity-related disorders, including hypertension. Many hypertensive individuals are overweight and often receive their advice to lose weight related to body-fat, in order to lower their blood pressure. However, it is still unclear whether there is a strong association of adipose tissue measured by adiposity indicators with hypertension in the Thai population. Various adiposity indices have been published to distinguish the distribution of body fat with disparate properties. This study examined nine adiposity markers and their association with hypertension in 15,842 Thai adults ≥35 years old. Data were obtained from the nationwide Thai National Health Examination Survey 2009. Accuracy performance and associations of indexes with hypertension were analyzed by Area Under Curve (AUC) and logistic regression analyses. Regardless of gender, the best methods to distinguish performance were waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) [AUC: 0.640 (0.631–0.649)], followed by lipid accumulation product (LAP) [AUC: 0.636 (0.627–0.645)], waist circumference (WC) [AUC: 0.633 (0.624–0.641)], and Conicity index (C-Index) [AUC: 0.630 (0.621–0.639)]. Linear regression analysis exhibited the independent association of the top four indices, WC, WHtR, C-Index, and LAP with higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Those indices’ quartiles were graded in a dose-response manner which significantly increased at the higher quartiles. The indicator’s cutoff point carried the odds ratio of presence hypertension in the range of 1.7 to 2.5 (p < 0.001). Among the nine obesity indices, WHtR (cutoff >0.52) in both genders was the simplest and most practical measurement for adiposity in association with hypertension in middle-aged and elderly Thais. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Lipids and Glucose Physiopathology in Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension)
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