Physical Fitness and Physical Activity as Markers of Health

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 832

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av Pedro de Valdivia 1161, Concepción 4040386, Chile
Interests: metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk; metabolism; hypertension; insulin resistance; abdominal obesity; diabetes; obesity; physical activity; sedentary behavior; healthy lifestyle; exercise science; public health; nutritional epidemiology
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Quality of Life, Universidad San Sebastián, Av. Padre Hurtado Sur 2650, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
Interests: physical activity; exercise; cardiovascular fitness; muscle fitness; healthy habits; sedentariness; aging; public health; nutritional epidemiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At the beginning of this century, significant attention was paid to understanding the impact of physical fitness on mortality risk in both healthy individuals and those with underlying cardiovascular diseases. Empirical evidence unequivocally demonstrates that physical fitness is a powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality from all causes, regardless of an individual's health status or weight. It is also a critical determinant of longevity. Additionally, research has established that physical fitness serves as a key biological marker of overall health starting from childhood. Maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) has been recognized by various international organizations as a new vital sign, while muscular strength is universally acknowledged as a health indicator across all age groups, including children, adults, and older adults. Regular physical activity and structured exercise programs are essential for preventing, managing, and mitigating the impact of chronic diseases. Together with smoking cessation and adherence to a healthy diet, physical activity forms a cornerstone of global strategies aimed at preventing numerous non-communicable diseases.

We are pleased to invite you to publish studies that allow us to delve into health markers linked to sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, and exercise.

Therefore, articles in the form of reviews with meta-analysis and original research centered on prospective longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials are invited to be submitted to this Special Issue, especially those combining a high academic standard coupled with practical implications for practitioners and policy-makers.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Cristian Cofre Bolados
Dr. Emilio Jofre Saldia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical activity
  • exercise
  • cardiovascular fitness
  • muscle fitness
  • healthy habits
  • sedentariness
  • aging

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 888 KB  
Article
PRETIE-Q Spanish Version and Affective-Functional Responses to Age-Based Strength Training in Older Women: An Exploratory Study
by Emilio Jofré-Saldía, Raúl Ricardo Festa, Álvaro Huerta Ojeda, Alejandro A. Candia, Claudio Farias-Valenzuela, Frano Giakoni-Ramírez, Victoria Torres Galaz, Sebastián Jannas-Vela and Denisse Valladares-Ide
Healthcare 2025, 13(23), 3000; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13233000 - 21 Nov 2025
Viewed by 415
Abstract
Background: To promote exercise adherence, programs should consider not only functional effects but also a comprehensive affective response. This study analyzed the affective responses and functional performance in an age-based Block Strength Training (BST) for older women. Methods: Twenty-eight community-dwelling and Spanish-speaking older [...] Read more.
Background: To promote exercise adherence, programs should consider not only functional effects but also a comprehensive affective response. This study analyzed the affective responses and functional performance in an age-based Block Strength Training (BST) for older women. Methods: Twenty-eight community-dwelling and Spanish-speaking older women participated in this study (age 68.39 ± 5.95 years) performed a 12-week age-based BST. Preference for and Tolerance of the Intensity of Exercise Questionnaire Spanish version (PRETIE-Q-Sv) was measured before and after each block four times. Additionally, Feeling Scale (FS) and Rating of Perceived Exertion session (sRPE) were measured. Functional performance was assessed before and after the BST using Timed Up and Go, Two-Minutes Step Test, and Five Times Stand-to-Sit Test. Statistical analyses included Cronbach’s alpha (α), Spearman’s (ρ, rho) and Pearson’s (r) coefficients, repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman, and Paired comparison. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: The PRETIE-Q-Sv showed acceptable internal consistency for both Preference (α = 0.80) and Tolerance (α = 0.78) constructs, with most items showing reliability with their construct scores (ρ ≥ 0.50). Preference remained stable (F (2.39, 64.59) = 2.64, p = 0.070, η2p = 0.09), and Tolerance increased (F (2.09, 56.35) = 11.84, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.30)., with overall average scores close to 22. These were not related to FS or sRPE (ρ/r = −0.02 to 0.14). All functional performance tests showed significant improvement after the BST (p < 0.001, d/rb > 0.80). Conclusions: The PRETIE-Q-Sv adapted well to the language. Preference and Tolerance remained at intermediate levels, with BST programming aligned to individual tendencies and showing no association with FS or sRPE, whereas the increase in Tolerance suggests that BST enhances older women’s ability to persist under uncomfortable effort. Improvements in functional performance support the effectiveness of the BST as a precision exercise dose. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Fitness and Physical Activity as Markers of Health)
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