Advances in Landslide Monitoring, Inventory and Susceptibility Mapping

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Hazards".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 5321

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Geography & Environment, San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Avenue, HSS Bldg, Room 283, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA
Interests: environmental systems analysis; fluvial geomorphology; natural hazard; landslides
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mass wasting events are a particularly frequent geomorphological hazard. Landslides is the generic term for these occurrences. While landslides may not be as devastating as some other natural disasters are, collectively, they are responsible for the loss of many lives and economic hardship. It is, therefore, of great importance to monitor individual landslides threatening human habitats, to study and understand the distribution of them across the landscape, and to be able to predict their spatial and temporal occurrences.

New monitoring and mapping technologies and methods to predict mass wasting events are being rapidly developed. These new technologies and methodological advances often involve remote sensing and may include, but are not limited to, UAS-based high resolution imagery, lidar acquisition, and radar systems, novel techniques in image processing, as well as artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms.

We welcome any contributions to this Special Issue that advance our knowledge about monitoring individual landslides, aid landslide inventories, and improve the mapping of landslide susceptibility using heuristic, statistical, machine learning, or physical methods.

Dr. Leonhard Blesius
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • landslide monitoring
  • landslide inventory
  • landslide susceptibility mapping
  • remote sensing
  • image processing
  • heuristic
  • machine learning
  • physically based methods

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 35351 KiB  
Article
Geological and Geomorphological Characterization of the Anthropogenic Landslide of Pie de la Cuesta in the Vitor Valley, Arequipa, Peru
by Rosmery Infa, Antenor Chavez, Jorge Soto, Joseph Huanca, Gioachino Roberti, Brent Ward, Rigoberto Aguilar and Teresa Teixidó
Geosciences 2024, 14(11), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14110291 - 31 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1139
Abstract
This study presents the geological and geomorphological characterization of the Pie de la Cuesta landslide, a large (>60 ha) slow-moving (up 4.5 m/month) landslide in Southern Peru. The landslide has been active since 1975 and underwent a significant re-activation in 2016; the mass [...] Read more.
This study presents the geological and geomorphological characterization of the Pie de la Cuesta landslide, a large (>60 ha) slow-moving (up 4.5 m/month) landslide in Southern Peru. The landslide has been active since 1975 and underwent a significant re-activation in 2016; the mass movement has caused the loss of property and agricultural land and it is currently moving, causing further damage to property and land. We use a combination of historical aerial photographs, satellite images and field work to characterize the landslide’s geology and geomorphology. The landslide is affecting the slope of the Vitor Valley, constituted by a coarsening upward sedimentary sequence transitioning from layers of mudstone and gypsum at the base, to sandstone and conglomerate at the top with a significant ignimbrite layer interbedded within conglomerates near the top of the sequence. The landslide is triggered by an irrigation system that provides up to 10 L/s of water infiltrating the landslide mass. This water forms two groundwater levels at lithological transitions between conglomerates and mudstones, defining the main failure planes. The landslide is characterized by three main structural domains defined by extension, translation and compression deformation regimes. The extensional zone, near the top of the slope, is defined by a main horst–graben structure that transitions into the translation zone defined by toppling and disaggregating blocks that eventually become earth flows that characterize the compressional zone at the front of the landslides, defined by thrusting structures covering the agricultural land at the valley floor. The deformation rates range from 8 cm/month at the top of the slope to 4.5 m/month within the earth flows. As of May 2023, 22.7 ha of potential agricultural land has been buried. Full article
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23 pages, 16272 KiB  
Article
A Comparative Study of Susceptibility and Hazard for Mass Movements Applying Quantitative Machine Learning Techniques—Case Study: Northern Lima Commonwealth, Peru
by Edwin Badillo-Rivera, Manuel Olcese, Ramiro Santiago, Teófilo Poma, Neftalí Muñoz, Carlos Rojas-León, Teodosio Chávez, Luz Eyzaguirre, César Rodríguez and Fernando Oyanguren
Geosciences 2024, 14(6), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14060168 - 14 Jun 2024
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Abstract
This study addresses the importance of conducting mass movement susceptibility mapping and hazard assessment using quantitative techniques, including machine learning, in the Northern Lima Commonwealth (NLC). A previous exploration of the topographic variables revealed a high correlation and multicollinearity among some of them, [...] Read more.
This study addresses the importance of conducting mass movement susceptibility mapping and hazard assessment using quantitative techniques, including machine learning, in the Northern Lima Commonwealth (NLC). A previous exploration of the topographic variables revealed a high correlation and multicollinearity among some of them, which led to dimensionality reduction through a principal component analysis (PCA). Six susceptibility models were generated using weights of evidence, logistic regression, multilayer perceptron, support vector machine, random forest, and naive Bayes methods to produce quantitative susceptibility maps and assess the hazard associated with two scenarios: the first being El Niño phenomenon and the second being an earthquake exceeding 8.8 Mw. The main findings indicate that machine learning models exhibit excellent predictive performance for the presence and absence of mass movement events, as all models surpassed an AUC value of >0.9, with the random forest model standing out. In terms of hazard levels, in the event of an El Niño phenomenon or an earthquake exceeding 8.8 Mw, approximately 40% and 35% respectively, of the NLC area would be exposed to the highest hazard levels. The importance of integrating methodologies in mass movement susceptibility models is also emphasized; these methodologies include the correlation analysis, multicollinearity assessment, dimensionality reduction of variables, and coupling statistical models with machine learning models to improve the predictive accuracy of machine learning models. The findings of this research are expected to serve as a supportive tool for land managers in formulating effective disaster prevention and risk reduction strategies. Full article
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31 pages, 11012 KiB  
Article
The Open Landslide Project (OLP), a New Inventory of Shallow Landslides for Susceptibility Models: The Autumn 2019 Extreme Rainfall Event in the Langhe-Monferrato Region (Northwestern Italy)
by Michele Licata, Victor Buleo Tebar, Francesco Seitone and Giandomenico Fubelli
Geosciences 2023, 13(10), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13100289 - 23 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1965
Abstract
Landslides triggered by heavy rainfall pose significant threats to human settlements and infrastructure in temperate and equatorial climate regions. This study focuses on the development of the Open Landslide Project (OLP), an open source landslide inventory aimed at facilitating geostatistical analyses and landslide [...] Read more.
Landslides triggered by heavy rainfall pose significant threats to human settlements and infrastructure in temperate and equatorial climate regions. This study focuses on the development of the Open Landslide Project (OLP), an open source landslide inventory aimed at facilitating geostatistical analyses and landslide risk management. Using a multidisciplinary approach and open source, multisatellite imagery data, more than 3000 landslides triggered by the extreme rainfall of autumn 2019 in northwestern Italy were systematically mapped. The inventory creation process followed well-defined criteria and underwent rigorous validation to ensure accuracy and reliability. The dataset’s suitability was confirmed through multivariate correlation and Double Pareto probably density function. The OLP inventory effectiveness in assessing landslide risks was proved by the development of a landslide susceptibility model using binary logistic regression. The analysis of rainfall and lithology revealed that regions with lower rainfall levels experienced a higher occurrence of landslides compared to areas with higher peak rainfall. This was attributed to the response of the lithological composition to rainfalls. The findings of this research contribute to the understanding and management of landslide risks in anthropized climate regions. The OLP has proven to be a valuable resource for future geostatistical analysis. Full article
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