Molecular Basis and Genetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurogenomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2026 | Viewed by 774

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
DUOC Genetica Medica—I.R.C.C.S. Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71030 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
Interests: intellectual disability; neurodevelopmental disorders; NGS; exome sequencing; copy number variations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Poliambulatorio “Giovanni Paolo II” Viale Padre Pio, snc, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
Interests: linkage analysis; candidate gene; genetic diseases; neurodevelopmental disorders; epilepsy; genomic syndromes; next-generation sequencing; genotype–phenotype correlations; iPSCs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Division of Medical Genetic, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
Interests: neurodevelopmental disorders; autism; epilepsy; copy number variations; genomic syndromes; next-generation sequencing; genotype–phenotype correlations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, communication and learning disorders, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders and motor disorders, are impairments that affect the development and growth of the brain and the central nervous system during embryonic and early postnatal life. They present a major challenge in medicine, as they are the most frequent causes of developmental issues in children (nearly 3 of 100 babies are affected) and the main reason for referral to clinical genetic centers. The identification of underlying genetic defects and risk factors has improved significantly thanks to diagnostic technologies including next-generation sequencing (NGS) and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and more than 700 genes are known to cause NDDs; however, the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of most of these disorders remain elusive and effective treatments have not yet been established. Possible reasons include the inaccessibility of developing human brains, the lack of suitable disease models and a limited understanding of the etiological and neurobiological mechanisms of the brain.

The Special Issue will publish high-quality papers providing a comprehensive overview of key concepts, emerging discoveries, and future perspectives in the field of NDDs. Papers that integrate multi-omics data; highlight innovative technologies such as CRISPR-based editing, single-cell genomics, or long-read sequencing; and discuss computational approaches in genetic analysis are highly encouraged.

Particular attention is devoted to the translational impact of these discoveries, with contributions highlighting how molecular genetics is driving the development of innovative therapies, ranging from personalized medicine to genetic engineering for biotechnological purposes.

Dr. Pietro Palumbo
Dr. Massimo Carella
Dr. Orazio Palumbo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • neurodevelopmental disorders
  • next-generation sequencing
  • chromosomal microarray analysis
  • disease models
  • translational impact

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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8 pages, 5466 KB  
Case Report
A 350 kb NEXMIF Microdeletion Identified by Chromosomal Microarray in an Adult Patient with Jeavons Syndrome
by Mario Benvenuto, Umberto Costantino, Pietro Palumbo, Massimo Carella, Marco Castori, Giuseppe d’Orsi and Orazio Palumbo
Genes 2026, 17(4), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17040448 - 13 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Background: Pathogenic variants in the NEXMIF gene have been linked to a broad neurodevelopmental phenotype, encompassing autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Among epileptic manifestations, Jeavons Syndrome was observed in 24% of affected females in the largest cohort of NEXMIF-related [...] Read more.
Background: Pathogenic variants in the NEXMIF gene have been linked to a broad neurodevelopmental phenotype, encompassing autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Among epileptic manifestations, Jeavons Syndrome was observed in 24% of affected females in the largest cohort of NEXMIF-related disorders reported to date, but long-term adult outcomes remain poorly documented. Methods and Results: We report a 25-year-old Italian woman with drug-resistant Jeavons syndrome in which the combined approach of next-generation sequencing and chromosomal microarray analysis allowed us to identify, after a 13-year diagnostic odyssey, a de novo ~350 Kb microdeletion at Xq13.2q13.3 encompassing the entire NEXMIF coding region, with no other OMIM genes involved. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient harboring a deletion restricted to the entire coding sequence of the NEXMIF gene. The patient presented with moderate intellectual disability and seizure onset at age 10 years. Her epilepsy proved refractory to multiple antiseizure medications. Video-EEG/polygraphic monitoring at age 23 years confirmed epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia, demonstrating characteristic eyelid myoclonia with absences triggered by eye closure. Conclutions: This case provides a detailed clinical description of an adult patient useful for genetic counseling regarding adult outcomes and prognostic expectations. Furthermore, this study underscores the diagnostic value of chromosomal microarray analysis alongside next-generation sequencing in individuals with intellectual disability and drug-resistant epilepsy, in order to expedite the diagnostic pathway and enable timelier and more appropriate patient management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Basis and Genetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
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