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Fractal Fract
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Fractals in Antenna and Microwave Engineering 2019
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Fractals in Antenna and Microwave Engineering 2019

A special issue of Fractal and Fractional (ISSN 2504-3110).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2020) | Viewed by 27518

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jaume Anguera

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Guest Editor
Fractus Antennas and Universitat Ramon LLull, 08022 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: antennas; mobile antennas; antenna boosters; fractals; reconfigurable antennas; optimization methods for antennas; small and multiband antennas
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Aurora Andújar

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Fractus Antennas, 08174 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: multiband and miniature antennas for wireless devices; broadband matching networks; antenna boosters; diversity and MIMO antenna systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Self-similarity and space-filling properties of fractal geometry have been very useful in antenna and microwave engineering to design multiband antennas and arrays, small antennas, and filters. Moreover, since the boom of metamaterials, many designs have also been approached using fractal geometries. In the optical domain, nano-antennas with fractal geometries have also been proposed.

It is interesting to summarize research and developments with fractals in antenna and microwave engineering, and, at the same time, to present the latest advances in the field.

The present Special Issue aims to gather papers in the field of fractal electrodynamics, applications of antennas, and microwave circuits using fractal geometries, metamaterials, and optical antennas with fractal designs. Papers with conceptual/theoretical approaches and experimental designs are welcomed.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jaume Anguera
Dr. Aurora Andújar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fractal and Fractional is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Fractal antennas
  • Self-similar antennas
  • Fractal arrays
  • Fractal resonators
  • Fractal filters
  • Fractal microwave components
  • Fractal metamaterials
  • Fractal nano-antennas

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3627 KiB  
Article
Miniaturization of a Koch-Type Fractal Antenna for Wi-Fi Applications
by Dmitrii Tumakov, Dmitry Chikrin and Petr Kokunin
Fractal Fract. 2020, 4(2), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract4020025 - 4 Jun 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3794
Abstract
Koch-type wire dipole antennas are considered herein. In the case of a first-order prefractal, such antennas differ from a Koch-type dipole by the position of the central vertex of the dipole arm. Earlier, we investigated the dependence of the base frequency for different [...] Read more.
Koch-type wire dipole antennas are considered herein. In the case of a first-order prefractal, such antennas differ from a Koch-type dipole by the position of the central vertex of the dipole arm. Earlier, we investigated the dependence of the base frequency for different antenna scales for an arm in the form of a first-order prefractal. In this paper, dipoles for second-order prefractals are considered. The dependence of the base frequency and the reflection coefficient on the dipole wire length and scale is analyzed. It is shown that it is possible to distinguish a family of antennas operating at a given (identical) base frequency. The same length of a Koch-type curve can be obtained with different coordinates of the central vertex. This allows for obtaining numerous antennas with various scales and geometries of the arm. An algorithm for obtaining small antennas for Wi-Fi applications is proposed. Two antennas were obtained: an antenna with the smallest linear dimensions and a minimum antenna for a given reflection coefficient. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractals in Antenna and Microwave Engineering 2019)
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16 pages, 3281 KiB  
Article
Fractal, Scale Free Electromagnetic Resonance of a Single Brain Extracted Microtubule Nanowire, a Single Tubulin Protein and a Single Neuron
by Komal Saxena, Pushpendra Singh, Pathik Sahoo, Satyajit Sahu, Subrata Ghosh, Kanad Ray, Daisuke Fujita and Anirban Bandyopadhyay
Fractal Fract. 2020, 4(2), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract4020011 - 6 Apr 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 9293
Abstract
Biomaterials are primarily insulators. For nearly a century, electromagnetic resonance and antenna–receiver properties have been measured and extensively theoretically modeled. The dielectric constituents of biomaterials—if arranged in distinct symmetries, then each vibrational symmetry—would lead to a distinct resonance frequency. While the literature is [...] Read more.
Biomaterials are primarily insulators. For nearly a century, electromagnetic resonance and antenna–receiver properties have been measured and extensively theoretically modeled. The dielectric constituents of biomaterials—if arranged in distinct symmetries, then each vibrational symmetry—would lead to a distinct resonance frequency. While the literature is rich with data on the dielectric resonance of proteins, scale-free relationships of vibrational modes are scarce. Here, we report a self-similar triplet of triplet resonance frequency pattern for the four-4 nm-wide tubulin protein, for the 25-nm-wide microtubule nanowire and 1-μm-wide axon initial segment of a neuron. Thus, preserving the symmetry of vibrations was a fundamental integration feature of the three materials. There was no self-similarity in the physical appearance: the size varied by 106 orders, yet, when they vibrated, the ratios of the frequencies changed in such a way that each of the three resonance frequency bands held three more bands inside (triplet of triplet). This suggests that instead of symmetry, self-similarity lies in the principles of symmetry-breaking. This is why three elements, a protein, it’s complex and neuron resonated in 106 orders of different time domains, yet their vibrational frequencies grouped similarly. Our work supports already-existing hypotheses for the scale-free information integration in the brain from molecular scale to the cognition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractals in Antenna and Microwave Engineering 2019)
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Review

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26 pages, 60950 KiB  
Review
Fractal Antennas: An Historical Perspective
by Jaume Anguera, Aurora Andújar, Jeevani Jayasinghe, V. V. S. S. Sameer Chakravarthy, P. S. R. Chowdary, Joan L. Pijoan, Tanweer Ali and Carlo Cattani
Fractal Fract. 2020, 4(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract4010003 - 19 Jan 2020
Cited by 71 | Viewed by 13355
Abstract
Fractal geometry has been proven to be useful in several disciplines. In the field of antenna engineering, fractal geometry is useful to design small and multiband antenna and arrays, and high-directive elements. A historic overview of the most significant fractal mathematic pioneers is [...] Read more.
Fractal geometry has been proven to be useful in several disciplines. In the field of antenna engineering, fractal geometry is useful to design small and multiband antenna and arrays, and high-directive elements. A historic overview of the most significant fractal mathematic pioneers is presented, at the same time showing how the fractal patterns inspired engineers to design antennas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractals in Antenna and Microwave Engineering 2019)
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