Metric Spaces with Its Application to Fractional Differential Equations, Second Edition

A special issue of Fractal and Fractional (ISSN 2504-3110). This special issue belongs to the section "General Mathematics, Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 1419

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Babeş-Bolyai University, 40084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: applied mathematics; metric spaces; nonlinear operators; fractal-fractional model; fractional derivative; FPDE; ODE; PDE
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Guest Editor
Department of Hospitality Services, Faculty of Business, Babes-Bolyai University, 400174 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: applied mathematics; fixed point theory; metric spaces; nonlinear operators; ODE; PDE; FDE
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Guest Editor
Department of Mathematics, Government College University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
Interests: algebraic geometry; topology; inequalities; applied mathematics; metric spaces; iteration schemes; fractional partial differential equations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metric space and fixed point theorems in metric spaces are powerful tools in applied mathematics. Metric space has been proven to be an interesting topic for researchers who work in fixed point theory. The existence of a solution of differential and integral fractional equations has been proven using the metric space and fixed point techniques.

In the last century, the study of fractional differential equations has become increasingly dynamic. Fractional-order operators are actually nonlinear operators but are more practical than those given in the classical form. Fractional-order operators can be employed in various scientific fields, such as physics, fluid mechanics, entropy theory, viscoelasticity, chemistry, biology, dynamical systems, signal processing, and so on. Therefore, many real-world phenomena can become known problems of fractional differential and integral equations.

Some natural phenomena such as the growth of bacteria, the freezing of water and brain waves have been addressed in recent years by using the concept of fractals, with this mathematics being associated with major scientific breakthroughs. Various phenomena with a pulse, rhythm or pattern can be modelled by a fractal.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of review, expository, and original research papers that address innovative developments in pure and applied mathematics via fractals and fractional calculus; this is in addition to their applications in the physical, natural, computational, environmental, engineering, and statistical sciences, all combined with fixed-point techniques. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Metric spaces;
  • Fixed points theorems;
  • Well-posedness;
  • Stability;
  • Fractional differential equations with different kernels;
  • Fractal patterns;
  • Statistical convergence;
  • Decision-making problems;
  • Numerical and computational methods;
  • Mathematical physics;
  • Mathematics in biology;
  • Intuitionistic fuzzy relations.

Dr. Monica-Felicia Bota
Dr. Liliana Guran
Prof. Dr. Khurram Shabbir
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • metric spaces
  • fixed points theorems
  • well-posedness
  • stability
  • fractional differential equations with different kernels
  • fractal patterns
  • statistical convergence
  • decision making problems
  • numerical and computational methods
  • mathematical physics
  • mathematics in biology
  • intuitionistic fuzzy relations

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 373 KB  
Article
Nonlinear F-Contractions in Relational Metric Space and Applications to Fractional Differential Equations
by Doaa Filali, Amal F. Alharbi, Faizan Ahmad Khan, Fahad M. Alamrani, Esmail Alshaban and Adel Alatawi
Fractal Fract. 2026, 10(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract10010059 - 14 Jan 2026
Viewed by 106
Abstract
During the last decade, F-contraction has been a widely investigated problem in the fixed point theory. There are various outcomes regarding the extensions and generalizations of F-contraction in different perspectives, along with the findings concerning the application of those ideas, mostly in the [...] Read more.
During the last decade, F-contraction has been a widely investigated problem in the fixed point theory. There are various outcomes regarding the extensions and generalizations of F-contraction in different perspectives, along with the findings concerning the application of those ideas, mostly in the area of differential and difference equations, fractional calculus, etc. The present article concludes some existence and uniqueness outcomes on fixed points for (φ,F)–contractions in the context of a metric space endowed with a local class of transitive binary relations. Some illustrative examples are furnished to justify that our contraction conditions are more general than many others in this area. The findings presented herein are used to obtain a unique solution to certain fractional boundary value problems. Full article
27 pages, 404 KB  
Article
A Unified Framework for Generalized Symmetric Contractions and Economic Dynamics via Fractional Differential Equations
by Min Wang, Muhammad Din and Mi Zhou
Fractal Fract. 2026, 10(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract10010022 - 29 Dec 2025
Viewed by 549
Abstract
This study has developed a unified framework for modeling economic growth through Caputo fractional differential equations. The framework has established the existence and uniqueness of solutions by employing a generalized fixed-point approach. In particular, the analysis has introduced and utilized new classes of [...] Read more.
This study has developed a unified framework for modeling economic growth through Caputo fractional differential equations. The framework has established the existence and uniqueness of solutions by employing a generalized fixed-point approach. In particular, the analysis has introduced and utilized new classes of symmetric operators, including symmetric Lipschitz-type mappings, symmetric Kannan-type contractions, and symmetric Chatterjea-type contractions. These mappings are based on a refined symmetric Lipschitz condition that enables the examination of the behavior of their iterative sequences. The study has focused on several forms of symmetric contractions defined on metric spaces endowed with a binary relation, providing a setting that generalizes and unifies various existing fixed-point theorems. This framework has extended classical results by Goebel and Sims, Goebel and Japon-Pineda, and others. Finally, to illustrate the practical significance of the theoretical findings, the developed results have been applied to demonstrate the existence of solutions for fractional models of economic growth and a related Fredholm integral equation. Full article
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