Abuse and Violence in Families

A special issue of Forensic Sciences (ISSN 2673-6756).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 4047

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: family Abuse; domestic violence; forensic science; legal medicine; medical liability

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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
Interests: family abuse; domestic violence; forensic science; legal medicine; medical liability

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: family abuse; domestic violence; forensic science; legal medicine; medical liability

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: family abuse; domestic violence; forensic science; legal medicine; medical liability

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara, Chieti, Italy
Interests: family abuse; domestic violence; forensic science; legal medicine; medical liability

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Legal Medicine, Social Security and Forensic Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: forensic toxicology; gas chromatography (GC); liquid chromatography (LC); mass spectrometry (MS); legal medicine; criminalistics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Abuse and violence in a family context is an unfortunate and well-known socioenvironmental issue across the world due to the alarmingly high frequency of annually reported cases.

The term domestic violence designates all acts of physical, sexual, psychological or economic violence that occur within a family or family unit or between current or previous spouses or partners. In fact, it is also defined as intimate partner violence, and statistically, it is more frequently initiated by men compared to women.

Domestic violence in all its forms—including all acts of violence that cause or are likely to cause harm or suffering of a physical, sexual, psychological or economic nature—represents a violation of human rights and includes threats to commit such acts, as well as the coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberties in both public and private life.

The recent pandemic, with its imposed strict measures of social distancing and domestic isolation, had extremely serious consequences, especially on a socio-economic level, with an increased risk of violence within the home as one of the possible side effects of such measures.

The central manifestation of domestic violence consists of the development of the idea that a violent act against another person is the only solution to a profound emotional conflict, whose real nature remains below the threshold of the consciousness of the subject.

Focusing on these questions, this Special Issue is looking to publish research articles of both clinical and forensic interest in order to analyse the causes and effects of domestic violence.

Manuscripts related to the following key scientific areas are all welcome for this Special Issue:

  1. Case reports of domestic violence;
  2. Reviews of literature about domestic violence;
  3. Case series of feminicides;
  4. Metanalysis;
  5. Papers concerning bioethics.

Dr. Cristian D’Ovidio
Dr. Michele Treglia
Dr. Enrica Rosato
Dr. Martina Bonelli
Dr. Margherita Pallocci
Prof. Dr. Luigi Tonino Marsella
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • violence
  • abuse
  • family abuse
  • forensic
  • forensic science
  • murder
  • overkill
  • killing
  • suicide
  • legal medicine
  • sexual harassment
  • sexual assault
  • feminicide
  • matricide
  • patricide
  • fratricide

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 419 KiB  
Article
The Role of Coping Strategies in Children’s Repeated Suggestive Interviews
by Monia Vagni and Valeria Giostra
Forensic Sci. 2024, 4(2), 221-233; https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci4020015 - 7 May 2024
Viewed by 992
Abstract
Often in the forensic context, child victims and witnesses are interviewed several times, exposing them to suggestive questions and social pressures. The present study had the main purpose of verifying the effect of coping strategies on the levels of immediate suggestibility and on [...] Read more.
Often in the forensic context, child victims and witnesses are interviewed several times, exposing them to suggestive questions and social pressures. The present study had the main purpose of verifying the effect of coping strategies on the levels of immediate suggestibility and on the Resistant Behavioral Responses (RBRs) of children subjected to repeated suggestive interviews. A sample of 90 children, aged between 11 and 14, were administered the two parallel Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS2 and GSS1) a few months apart and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) to detect their coping strategies. The results showed that the avoidance coping increased suggestive vulnerability and reduced resistant responses. Task-oriented coping favored responses with greater source monitoring, which allow for the rejection of misleading information. Coping strategies did not show direct effects on the management of the socioemotional aspects involved in the suggestive interaction. After the negative feedback that invites children to be more accurate, a smaller effect of the avoidance strategy was recorded, indicating how actively requesting greater source monitoring can lead children to better recognize misleading information. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abuse and Violence in Families)
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16 pages, 4041 KiB  
Article
A Reflective Spectroscopy and Mineralogical Investigation of Cosmetic Blush (Wet‘N’Wild) Potentially for Forensic Investigations Related to Interpersonal Violence—An Experimental Feasibility Study
by Juliana Curtis, Landon Stitle, Jessica Certain, Madeline Murchland, Charlotte Piszel, Jordan Vest, Claire L. McLeod and Mark P. S. Krekeler
Forensic Sci. 2023, 3(4), 544-559; https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci3040038 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2106
Abstract
Interpersonal violence is a rising issue in global society and new approaches are being sought to combat the problem. Within this context, expanding forensic techniques to better document violent crime scenes is critical for improving and acquiring legal evidence, such as proving or [...] Read more.
Interpersonal violence is a rising issue in global society and new approaches are being sought to combat the problem. Within this context, expanding forensic techniques to better document violent crime scenes is critical for improving and acquiring legal evidence, such as proving or tracing contact between victims and suspects. This project aims to demonstrate the potential for forensic investigations in the context of interpersonal violence using a field-based reflective spectroscopy approach. For this, a common cosmetic, Wet‘N’Wild “Color Icon” blush in the shade “Pearlescent Pink”, was mineralogically characterized using transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction and subsequently investigated via reflective spectroscopy on a variety of common substrates. Differing amounts of the cosmetic product, ranging from 0.001 g to 0.075 g, were applied to a variety of substrates using a simple push method to simulate forcible contact and material transfer. Substrates included a pine wood block; (calcareous) sand from Tulum, Mexico; Ottawa sand; tile; Pergo wood; linoleum; closet material; carpets; and fabrics. The reflective spectra of cosmetic–substrate combinations were measured via an ASD FieldSpec 4 Hi-Res spectroradiometer. The Wet‘N’Wild cosmetic was reliably detected on various substrates relevant to crime scenes. Minor amounts (as low as 0.02 mg/mm2) could be detected, and average limits of detection of 0.03 mg/mm2) were achieved; however, a calcareous sand (Tulum) had a high level of detection (>0.38 mg/mm2), suggesting that further investigation is needed for more complex sand substrates. The use of the ASD spectroradiometer as a forensic tool within the context of crime scene documentation shows promise. Future work should expand the characterization of cosmetic materials across a broad range of substrates and consider systematic studies of specific population groups. Furthermore, combining this approach with hyperspectral imaging at crime scenes is a promising future direction for crime scene documentation. This work therefore demonstrates a novel method for investigating cosmetics within the context of interpersonal violence and provides a foundation for future laboratory and field work using the ASD FieldSpec 4 and hyperspectral imaging systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abuse and Violence in Families)
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