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Economies
Special Issues
Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth
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Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth

A special issue of Economies (ISSN 2227-7099).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 9163

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tiago Lopes Afonso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Management and Economics Department, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
2. NECE-UBI, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d’Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: foreign direct investment; energy economics
Prof. Dr. Nuno Carlos Leitão

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Management and Technology, Santarém Polytechnic University, Complexo Andaluz, Apartado 295, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
2. Center for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics (CEFAGE), University of Évora, 7000-809 Évora, Portugal
3. Center for African and Development Studies, Lisbon University, 1200-781 Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: international economics; energy economics; sustainable development; tourism; economic growth
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The literature demonstrates that globalisation and environmental issues can be assessed via the relationship between international trade, FDI and carbon dioxide emissions, or more recently by proposed globalisation indicators, e.g., Dreher (2006), Dreher et al. (2008) and Gygli et al. (2019). Empirical studies in this area show ambiguity between globalisation (economic, political, social, de jure and facto) and the environment. On the other hand, introducing the concept of sustainable development and attending various international conferences on the climate has encouraged the academic community to research the impact of renewable energy and climate change. Empirical results show that the impact of renewable energies can be different on economic growth and sustainable development, depending on the measure used, e.g., the Genuine Progress Indicator or Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare. Furthermore, empirical studies indicate that renewable energy consumption improves the environment and air quality. The purpose of this Special Issue is to examine the complex interrelationships among green growth, environmental sustainability and globalisation.

Submissions for this Special Issue can discuss, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • How can globalisation be used to promote green growth?
  • The role of globalisation in economic growth vs. sustainable development.
  • Measuring green GDP: beyond traditional economic metrics.
  • Globalisation pathways and their environmental impacts.
  • What lessons can be drawn from successful green growth initiatives?

Dr. Tiago Lopes Afonso
Prof. Dr. Nuno Carlos Leitão
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Economies is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • international trade, FDI and pollution emissions
  • globalisation indexes and pollution emissions
  • economic growth and sustainability development
  • tourism demand and pollution emissions
  • agricultural production and climate changes
  • renewable energy and green growth
  • carbon taxes and green growth
  • technology changes and green growth
  • pollution haven and halo hypothesis

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 929 KB  
Article
Shadow Economy and the Ecological Footprint Nexus: The Implication of Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Countries
by Nattapan Kongbuamai, Quocviet Bui and Suthep Nimsai
Economies 2025, 13(9), 258; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13090258 - 5 Sep 2025
Viewed by 329
Abstract
This study examines the influence of economic growth, energy consumption, a shadow economy, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the ecological footprint in ASEAN countries. The analysis covers a panel of nine member states—Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, [...] Read more.
This study examines the influence of economic growth, energy consumption, a shadow economy, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on the ecological footprint in ASEAN countries. The analysis covers a panel of nine member states—Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam—over the period from 1993 to 2017 due to data availability. To ensure robustness, various panel econometric techniques were employed, including cross-sectional dependence, panel unit root, and cointegration tests, as well as estimation methods such as Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, feasible generalized least squares (FGLS), and panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE). The results do not support an inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) between economic growth and ecological footprint in the ASEAN countries. Moreover, the findings consistently show that energy consumption, the size of the shadow economy, and FDI exert a statistically significant and positive impact on the ecological footprint towards the Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, FGLSs, and PCSE estimators. For policy recommendations, a country’s pursuit of economic growth should be aligned with a higher degree of environmental sustainability by strategically reducing energy consumption, curbing the shadow economy, and managing foreign direct investment responsibly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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20 pages, 780 KB  
Article
Tourism Sustainability in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Opportunities Along the Silk Road
by Mamurbek Karimov, Ravshan Okmullaev, Peter Marty and Olimjon Saidmamatov
Economies 2025, 13(9), 250; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13090250 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 707
Abstract
As a dynamic driver of globalization, tourism is a rapidly expanding and highly visible sector in the global economy, playing a substantial role in a country’s GDP. In recent years, scholars and policymakers have placed growing emphasis on integrating economic, cultural, social, and [...] Read more.
As a dynamic driver of globalization, tourism is a rapidly expanding and highly visible sector in the global economy, playing a substantial role in a country’s GDP. In recent years, scholars and policymakers have placed growing emphasis on integrating economic, cultural, social, and environmental sustainability into tourism practices and planning. In the era of globalization, Uzbekistan must strike a delicate balance between commercial potential and the conservation of its priceless cultural and natural riches as its tourism sector expands. Furthermore, the cities of Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva along the Silk Road were chosen as case studies to enhance our comprehension of the correlation between tourism growth and sustainability. This research aims to contribute to sustainable tourism in Uzbekistan through an in-depth analysis using various frameworks, including Glocal RPMs, SANEL HERMES, Importance–Performance Analysis (IPA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study’s findings indicate a consistent growth and advancement in the tourism industry of Uzbekistan. Nevertheless, several conditions and activities in Uzbekistan are not viable in terms of their impact on the economy, society, ecology, and tourism industry. So, this study recommends that, by applying its findings to the cities, the poor conditions and activities affecting the tourism industry along the Silk Road could be addressed as opportunities for sustainable development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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23 pages, 511 KB  
Article
Investigating Economics Students’ Perception of the Recent Trends in Globalization, Localization, and Slowbalization
by Titus Suciu, Alexandra Zamfirache, Ruxandra-Gabriela Albu and Ileana Tache
Economies 2025, 13(9), 248; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13090248 - 22 Aug 2025
Viewed by 411
Abstract
This study investigates the perceptions of economics students from Romania’s Central Region regarding the global phenomena of globalization, localization, and slowbalization (GLS), analyzed through the lens of environmental, economic, and educational sustainability. The research highlights a high level of awareness and understanding of [...] Read more.
This study investigates the perceptions of economics students from Romania’s Central Region regarding the global phenomena of globalization, localization, and slowbalization (GLS), analyzed through the lens of environmental, economic, and educational sustainability. The research highlights a high level of awareness and understanding of globalization and localization, while the concept of slowbalization remains relatively unfamiliar and often perceived with uncertainty or neutrality. Most respondents view globalization as the most sustainable model for long-term economic development, emphasizing its contributions to international trade, market expansion, investment flows, and access to global education and research. At the same time, localization is recognized for its role in preserving cultural identity, strengthening local economies, and addressing pressing environmental issues through low-carbon solutions. Regarding educational sustainability, students support a hybrid model that balances global exposure with the appreciation of local knowledge and traditions—a glocal approach particularly endorsed by master’s students. The study also reveals statistically significant differences between undergraduate and graduate respondents, indicating more mature perspectives among those in advanced studies. The paper could help in course design and lesson engagement and concludes by recommending curricular reforms in economic education and proposing future interdisciplinary, comparative, and qualitative research to deepen understanding of GLS dynamics, particularly in the context of emerging global trends and technological transformations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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25 pages, 723 KB  
Article
The Effect of Trade Openness on Environmental Quality in Southern African Customs Union (SACU) Countries: The CS-ARDL Approach
by Enock Gava, Molepa Seabela and Kanayo Ogujiuba
Economies 2025, 13(8), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13080233 - 8 Aug 2025
Viewed by 578
Abstract
The Southern African Customs Union (SACU), as a bloc, is compelled to commit to trade in environmentally friendly goods. This study investigated the short-run and long-run relationships between trade openness and environmental quality in the SACU. The Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) approach [...] Read more.
The Southern African Customs Union (SACU), as a bloc, is compelled to commit to trade in environmentally friendly goods. This study investigated the short-run and long-run relationships between trade openness and environmental quality in the SACU. The Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) approach was applied to the data from 1985 to 2023. The results show that the estimated coefficients of trade openness positively and significantly contribute to carbon emissions in the short run and the long run. The results demonstrate that the gains-from-trade hypothesis does not hold in the SACU. Also, the results indicate that foreign direct investment inflow does not significantly contribute to CO2 emissions; therefore, the pollution haven hypothesis does not hold. The Dumitrescu–Hurlin Granger non-causality test was employed, and the results show that there is bidirectional causality between CO2 emissions and trade openness, CO2 emissions and economic growth, and CO2 emissions and population growth and no directional causality between foreign direct investment and CO2 emissions. This study recommends that SACU countries should encourage the trade of eco-friendly goods, which is likely to lessen environmental consequences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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26 pages, 3912 KB  
Article
Prospects of Agrotourism Development in the Region
by Bahodirhon Safarov, Akmal Amirov, Nargiza Mansurova, Thowayeb H. Hassan, Habibullo Hasanov, Ana Cornelia Pereș, Bahadur Bilalov and Khasan Turdibekov
Economies 2024, 12(12), 321; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies12120321 - 27 Nov 2024
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2993
Abstract
For every nation, the era of transition to a market economy is marked by a severe lack of financial resources. Bringing in sectors of the economy that yield the fastest and most efficient returns is one strategy to develop and overcome this issue. [...] Read more.
For every nation, the era of transition to a market economy is marked by a severe lack of financial resources. Bringing in sectors of the economy that yield the fastest and most efficient returns is one strategy to develop and overcome this issue. Agrotourism, which is seen as a new trend in the tourism business, is one of these industries. The Samarkand region is used as an example to examine the scientific and theoretical underpinnings of agrotourism as well as its geographical characteristics in this article. Furthermore, an agrotourism map of the region was created by evaluating each location’s potential for agrotourism, classifying the regions based on how desirable they are for agrotourism, and identifying the facilities and resources available for agrotourism. Factors affecting the market of tourist services in the area were studied, and forecast values of the volume of tourist services were determined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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19 pages, 2708 KB  
Article
Connectedness between Sustainable Investment Indexes: The QVAR Approach
by Nini Johana Marín-Rodríguez, Juan David Gonzalez-Ruiz and Sergio Botero
Economies 2024, 12(7), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies12070170 - 2 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2539
Abstract
We studied the relationship between sustainable investment indexes and examine whether this relationship varies in bullish, bearish, and stable financial markets. To understand this issue more deeply, we analyzed the connectedness between three indexes—the Sustainable Impact investments, Paris-aligned stocks, and green bonds indexes—using [...] Read more.
We studied the relationship between sustainable investment indexes and examine whether this relationship varies in bullish, bearish, and stable financial markets. To understand this issue more deeply, we analyzed the connectedness between three indexes—the Sustainable Impact investments, Paris-aligned stocks, and green bonds indexes—using the daily closing prices from 1 June 2017 to 15 April 2024, encompassing 1793 observations. We used a quantile vector autoregressive (QVAR) model to understand the dynamic relationship among the considered indices. The findings indicate that sustainable investments are strongly interconnected in both high and low quantiles, but this connection weakens significantly during periods of market stability. The Sustainable Impact investments and Paris-aligned stocks indexes are net transmitters of impacts to other sustainable alternatives, while the green bonds index is a net receiver. We also observed an increase in interconnectedness across all quantiles during the pandemic, the Russia–Ukraine military conflict, and changes in the European Union and the United States’ monetary policies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalisation, Environmental Sustainability, and Green Growth)
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