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Recent Advances in Gastroenterology and Nutrition
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Recent Advances in Gastroenterology and Nutrition

A special issue of Diseases (ISSN 2079-9721).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 3569

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vincent Ho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
Interests: faecal microbial transplantation; gut motility; microbiome
Dr. Jerry Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
Interests: gut motility; microbiome; clinical trials; probiotics; nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Technological advances, such as metagenomics and proteomics, have greatly accelerated our understanding of the gut microbiota in health and diseases. Significant differences in the gut microbiota occur in many clinical conditions at different stages of life and offer new opportunities to modulate the microbiome and positively impact disease. This Special Issue aims is to provide new knowledge on how the gut microbiome is connected to the development of disease, identify bacterial and metabolic targets, and evaluate the role of gut microbiome modulation/manipulation in disease states. This Special Issue welcomes research papers and reviews that cover a wide range of topics, including how the gut microbiome plays a role in the pathophysiology of different diseases, the impact of nutrition, metabolite biomarkers and the role of microbiome modulation/manipulation through interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and faecal microbial transplantation.

Dr. Vincent Ho
Dr. Jerry Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diseases is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gut microbiome
  • metagenomics
  • proteomics
  • faecal metabolites
  • probiotics
  • prebiotics
  • postbiotics
  • faecal microbial transplantation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2235 KiB  
Article
Maternal Supplementation with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Improves Glucose Tolerance and Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota of Offspring
by Dayane Correia Gomes, José Enrique Meza Alvarado, Jesus Alejandro Zamora Briseño, Cynthia Cano Sarmiento, Alberto Camacho Morales and Rubi Viveros Contreras
Diseases 2024, 12(12), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12120312 - 3 Dec 2024
Viewed by 407
Abstract
Introduction: Consuming hypercaloric diets during pregnancy induces metabolic, immune, and maternal intestinal dysbiosis disorders. These conditions are transferred to the offspring through the placenta and breastfeeding, increasing susceptibility to metabolic diseases. We investigated the effect of L. rhamnosus GG supplementation on offspring maternally [...] Read more.
Introduction: Consuming hypercaloric diets during pregnancy induces metabolic, immune, and maternal intestinal dysbiosis disorders. These conditions are transferred to the offspring through the placenta and breastfeeding, increasing susceptibility to metabolic diseases. We investigated the effect of L. rhamnosus GG supplementation on offspring maternally programmed with a hypercaloric diet. Methods: Our study involved sixteen female Wistar rats aged ten weeks, which were divided into four groups based on their diets: control (Ctrl), cafeteria (CAF), control + probiotic (PRO), and cafeteria + probiotic (CPRO). The control + probiotic and cafeteria + probiotic groups received a daily oral administration of 250 μL of L. rhamnosus GG cell suspension (equivalent to 109 UFC) for nine weeks. The body weight of the animals was recorded weekly, and their food intake was monitored every 24 h. An oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the offspring at seven weeks of age. At the ninth week of age, animals were euthanized, and blood, tissues, and organs were collected. Results: Maternal supplementation with L. rhamnosus GG decreased food intake and the average birth weight, improved glucose sensitivity, and lowered the levels of LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, and mesenteric adipose tissue in offspring compared with the control and cafeteria groups. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that supplementing with LGG during maternal programming could protect offspring from metabolic disruptions caused by a hypercaloric maternal diet. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gastroenterology and Nutrition)
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12 pages, 2625 KiB  
Article
Significant Within-Individual Variability in VCTE Liver Stiffness Measurements at Two Intercostal Spaces in Subjects with MASLD: Implications for Evaluating Improvement in Liver Fibrosis After Weight-Loss or Liver-Directed Therapy
by Jordan S. Woodard, Jena Velji-Ibrahim and Gary A. Abrams
Diseases 2024, 12(11), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110288 - 9 Nov 2024
Viewed by 699
Abstract
Introduction: Studies have compared the group-averages of liver stiffness measures (LSMs) from multiple rib spaces by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) to stage liver fibrosis. No previous study has assessed within-individual liver stiffness variation from two rib spaces in individuals with metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic [...] Read more.
Introduction: Studies have compared the group-averages of liver stiffness measures (LSMs) from multiple rib spaces by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) to stage liver fibrosis. No previous study has assessed within-individual liver stiffness variation from two rib spaces in individuals with metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods: We evaluated within-individual LSM variation according to body weight classification and its clinical implication. From October 2019 to March 2024, VCTE was performed on MASLD patients or those at high risk, in accordance with FibroScan guidelines. The LSMs were categorized into stages: <5 kPa (stage 0), 5–7.99 kPa (stage 1), 8–9.99 kPa (stage 2), 10–13.99 kPa (stage 3), and 14+ kPa (stage 4). Measurements with 10 values and IQR/median ≤ 0.30 were included, using SPSS V25.0 for analysis. Results: Among 1107 subjects (age 54.4 ± 13.9 years, 56.9% female), 7.7% were normal weight, 20.7% overweight, 28.9% class 1 obesity, 21.3% class 2 obesity, and 21.2% class 3 obesity. Significant within-individual variation was noted: 67% (0–2 kPa) variation, 23.4% (2.1–6 kPa), and 10% (≥6.1 kPa). Class 3 obese individuals had the maximum variation. Comparing the group-average of LSM at each ICS site showed that 95% of individuals were within one fibrosis stage. Conclusions: While LSM group-averages at different rib sites provides reliable fibrosis staging, significant within-individual variability exists especially in class 3 obesity. This should be considered when serial LSM assessments are used to assess medical therapeutic efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gastroenterology and Nutrition)
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Review

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13 pages, 314 KiB  
Review
Impact of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Onset and Disease Activity: To Eradicate or Not to Eradicate?
by Antonietta Gerarda Gravina, Raffaele Pellegrino, Veronica Iascone, Giovanna Palladino, Alessandro Federico and Rocco Maurizio Zagari
Diseases 2024, 12(8), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12080179 - 8 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1617
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection has significant epidemiological relevance due to the carcinogenic nature of this bacterium, which is potentially associated with cancer. When detected, it should ideally be eradicated using a treatment that currently involves a combination of gastric acid suppressors and multiple antibiotics. [...] Read more.
Helicobacter pylori infection has significant epidemiological relevance due to the carcinogenic nature of this bacterium, which is potentially associated with cancer. When detected, it should ideally be eradicated using a treatment that currently involves a combination of gastric acid suppressors and multiple antibiotics. However, this treatment raises questions regarding efficacy and safety profiles in patients with specific comorbidities, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Eradication therapy for H. pylori includes components associated with adverse gastrointestinal events, such as Clostridioides difficile colitis. This necessitates quantifying this risk through dedicated studies to determine whether this antimicrobial treatment could be significantly associated with IBD relapse or exacerbation of pre-existing IBD, as well as whether it could potentially lead to the de novo onset of IBD. Although the available evidence is reassuring about the safety of eradication therapy in patients with IBD, it is limited, and there are no specific recommendations for this particular situation in the leading international IBD and H. pylori guidelines. Therefore, studies need to evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of the available antimicrobial regimens for H. pylori eradication in patients with IBD, both in clinical trial settings and in real-life studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gastroenterology and Nutrition)
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