Modeling Interactions Among Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere

A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2018) | Viewed by 7212

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Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kreuzeckbahnstr, 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Interests: modeling biosphere–atmosphere exchange; forest development under stress; drought impacts on trees
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biosphere exchange processes are determined by hydrological constraints, weather conditions and atmospheric chemistry. On the other hand, temperature, air chemistry and water distribution depends on vegetation properties and regional abundance. Thus, predictive modeling requires consideration of these interactions, which is what ecosystem and land surface models try to achieve. However, dynamic adaptation is often neglected or simplified to a degree that questions this objective.

The ability of biosphere models to dynamically respond to changes in environmental boundary conditions will be critical in determining ecosystem services in response of environmental changes. Only reliable models, however, are suitable for decision support on management action in order to mitigate possible negative developments.

The Special Issue will welcome contributions tackling “Interactions among Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere in Models”. This includes conceptual approaches and new model developments, as well as comparisons with experimental results and observations with respect to the following (and possible other) topics:

  • Environmental dependency on plant water uptake; including interactions with nutrient availability, mycorrhiza and root growth.
  • Development of water use efficiency with changes in carbon dioxide concentration. Long-term and short term responses of stomatal and canopy conductance.
  • Competition and facilitation in heterogeneous plant communities and their impact on resistance and resilience of the ecosystem.
  • Emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) in response to environmental stress. Impact of drought and air pollution and dependency on leaf traits and phenological state.
  • Air pollution removal by plants in dependence on plant physiology and vegetation structure.
  • What are the effects of diversity and spatial heterogeneity on gas exchange and deposition in a landscape?

Dr. habil. Rüdiger Grote
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

1746 KiB  
Article
The Uncertain Role of Biogenic VOC for Boundary-Layer Ozone Concentration: Example Investigation of Emissions from Two Forest Types with a Box Model
by Boris Bonn, Jürgen Kreuzwieser, Felicitas Sander, Rasoul Yousefpour, Tommaso Baggio and Oladeinde Adewale
Climate 2017, 5(4), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli5040078 - 6 Oct 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6434
Abstract
High levels of air pollution including ground level ozone significantly reduce humans’ life expectancy and cause forest damage and decreased tree growth. The French Vosges and the German Black Forest are regions well-known for having the highest tropospheric ozone concentrations at remote forested [...] Read more.
High levels of air pollution including ground level ozone significantly reduce humans’ life expectancy and cause forest damage and decreased tree growth. The French Vosges and the German Black Forest are regions well-known for having the highest tropospheric ozone concentrations at remote forested sites in Central Europe. This box model study investigates the sensitivity of atmospheric chemistry calculations of derived ozone on differently resolved forest tree composition and volatile organic compound emissions. Representative conditions were chosen for the Upper Rhine area including the Alsatian Vosges/France and the Black Forest/Germany during summer. This study aims to answer the following question: What level of input detail for Alsace and Black Forest tree mixtures is required to accurately simulate ozone formation? While the French forest in Alsace—e.g., in the Vosges—emits isoprene to a substantially higher extent than the forest at the German site, total monoterpene emissions at the two sites are rather similar. However, the individual monoterpene structures, and therefore their reactivity, differs. This causes a higher ozone production rate for Vosges forest mixture conditions than for Black Forest tree mixtures at identical NOx levels, with the difference increasing with temperature. The difference in ozone formation is analyzed in detail and the short-comings of reduced descriptions are discussed. The outcome serves as a to-do-list to allow accurate future ozone predictions influenced by the climate adaptation of forests and the change in forest species composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling Interactions Among Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere)
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