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Biomedicines
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Biomarkers and Rapid Microbiological Techniques for Optimizing the Diagnosis and...
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Biomarkers and Rapid Microbiological Techniques for Optimizing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Sepsis

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology in Human Health and Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 2626

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alejandro Rodriguez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Section Critical Care Department, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
Interests: sepsis; community-acquired pneumonia; ventilator-associated pneumonia; sepsis diagnosis; microcirculation; sepsis biomarkers; Big-Data and machine learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Frederic Francesc Gómez-Bertomeu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Microbiology Section, Clinical Laboratory ICS Camp de Tarragona, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII, Catalan Health Institute, Tarragona, Spain
Interests: microbiological diagnostic stewardship programs; antimicrobial stewardship; rapid diagnostic tests; antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST); antimicrobial resistance (AMR)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, there have been advances in the use of laboratory techniques to improve the early recognition of sepsis.  Some of these involve the discovery or evaluation of biomarkers or digital signatures of sepsis in order to improve the timeliness and accuracy of diagnosis or new therapeutic targets.

Rapid diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic therapies are essential and have been shown to improve survival. Despite the importance of early detection, current technologies and clinical methods are often insufficient because they lack the necessary speed, specificity or sensitivity.

Given the complexity of sepsis treatment, there is a need for rapid microbiological diagnostic panels that, combined with clinical data and biomarker profiles, allow for the early optimization of empirical antibiotic treatment.

Regarding the scope of this Special Issue on biomarkers and rapid microbiological diagnostic techniques, the authors should offer attractive research perspectives on the utility and impact of using different types of biomarkers or rapid microbiological identification panels in patients with sepsis.

Dr. Alejandro Rodriguez
Dr. Frederic Francesc Gómez-Bertomeu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sepsis biomarkers
  • rapid microbiological detection
  • rapid AST
  • PCR-multiplex technique
  • molecular diagnosis
  • mass spectrometry technology
  • DNA hybridization
  • microarrays
  • rapid PCR-based test

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1293 KiB  
Article
Clinical and Microbiological Impact of Implementing a Decision Support Algorithm through Microbiologic Rapid Diagnosis in Critically Ill Patients: An Epidemiological Retrospective Pre-/Post-Intervention Study
by Alejandro Rodríguez, Frederic Gómez, Carolina Sarvisé, Cristina Gutiérrez, Montserrat Galofre Giralt, María Dolores Guerrero-Torres, Sergio Pardo-Granell, Ester Picó-Plana, Clara Benavent-Bofill, Sandra Trefler, Julen Berrueta, Laura Canadell, Laura Claverias, Erika Esteve Pitarch, Montserrat Olona, Graciano García Pardo, Xavier Teixidó, Laura Bordonado, María Teresa Sans and María Bodí
Biomedicines 2023, 11(12), 3330; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123330 - 16 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Background: Data on the benefits of rapid microbiological testing on antimicrobial consumption (AC) and antimicrobial resistance patterns (ARPs) are scarce. We evaluated the impact of a protocol based on rapid techniques on AC and ARP in intensive care (ICU) patients. Methods: A retrospective [...] Read more.
Background: Data on the benefits of rapid microbiological testing on antimicrobial consumption (AC) and antimicrobial resistance patterns (ARPs) are scarce. We evaluated the impact of a protocol based on rapid techniques on AC and ARP in intensive care (ICU) patients. Methods: A retrospective pre- (2018) and post-intervention (2019–2021) study was conducted in ICU patients. A rapid diagnostic algorithm was applied starting in 2019 in patients with a lower respiratory tract infection. The incidence of nosocomial infections, ARPs, and AC as DDDs (defined daily doses) were monitored. Results: A total of 3635 patients were included: 987 in the pre-intervention group and 2648 in the post-intervention group. The median age was 60 years, the sample was 64% male, and the average APACHE II and SOFA scores were 19 points and 3 points. The overall ICU mortality was 17.2% without any differences between the groups. An increase in the number of infections was observed in the post-intervention group (44.5% vs. 17.9%, p < 0.01), especially due to an increase in the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (44.6% vs. 25%, p < 0.001). AC decreased from 128.7 DDD in 2018 to 66.0 DDD in 2021 (rate ratio = 0.51). An increase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility of 23% for Piperacillin/tazobactam and 31% for Meropenem was observed. Conclusion: The implementation of an algorithm based on rapid microbiological diagnostic techniques allowed for a significant reduction in AC and ARPs without affecting the prognosis of critically ill patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers and Rapid Microbiological Techniques for Optimizing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Sepsis)
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12 pages, 1644 KiB  
Article
Use of Biomarkers to Improve 28-Day Mortality Stratification in Patients with Sepsis and SOFA ≤ 6
by Jaume Baldirà, Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodríguez, Adolfo Ruiz-Sanmartin, Luis Chiscano, Alejandro Cortes, Diego Ángeles Sistac, Roser Ferrer-Costa, Inma Comas, Yolanda Villena, Maria Nieves Larrosa, Juan José González-López and Ricard Ferrer
Biomedicines 2023, 11(8), 2149; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082149 - 30 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1347
Abstract
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatments are crucial to reducing mortality risk in septic patients. Low SOFA scores and current biomarkers may not adequately discern patients that could develop severe organ dysfunction or have an elevated mortality risk. The aim of this prospective observational [...] Read more.
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatments are crucial to reducing mortality risk in septic patients. Low SOFA scores and current biomarkers may not adequately discern patients that could develop severe organ dysfunction or have an elevated mortality risk. The aim of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the predictive value of the biomarkers mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis, and patients with a SOFA score ≤6. 284 were included, with a 28-day all-cause mortality of 8.45% (n = 24). Non-survivors were older (p = 0.003), required mechanical ventilation (p = 0.04), were ventilated for longer (p = 0.02), and had higher APACHE II (p = 0.015) and SOFA (p = 0.027) scores. Lactate showed the highest predictive ability for all-cause 28-day mortality, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.67 (0.55–0.79). The AUROC for all-cause 28-day mortality in patients with community-acquired infection was 0.69 (0.57–0.84) for SOFA and 0.70 (0.58–0.82) for MR-proADM. A 2.1 nmol/L cut-off point for this biomarker in this subgroup of patients discerned, with 100% sensibility, survivors from non-survivors at 28 days. In patients with community-acquired sepsis and initial SOFA score ≤ 6, MR-proADM could help identify patients at risk of 28-day mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers and Rapid Microbiological Techniques for Optimizing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Sepsis)
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