New Insights in Thyroid Cancer

Dear Colleagues,

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence has increased significantly worldwide in recent decades. While differentiated thyroid cancers—such as papillary and follicular carcinoma—typically have favorable prognoses, a subset of patients develop aggressive disease, recurrence, or distant metastasis. Poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas pose major clinical challenges due to limited treatment options and poor outcomes. In contrast, medullary thyroid carcinoma, which originates from parafollicular C cells, is characterized by distinct genetic and pathophysiological features, requiring specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Advances in molecular biology, genomics, and diagnostic imaging have significantly deepened our understanding of thyroid cancer development and progression. The identification of key genetic alterations—such as BRAF, RAS, RET/PTC, and TERT promoter mutations—has contributed to improved risk assessment and the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. Molecular testing has also enhanced the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration biopsies and informed clinical decision-making.

Recent years have seen the introduction of novel therapies, including multi-kinase inhibitors, selective RET inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic approaches, many of which are under clinical investigation or in use. The role of radioactive iodine therapy continues to evolve, especially in the management of radioiodine-refractory disease, with ongoing research into redifferentiation therapies and alternative systemic treatments.

However, important challenges remain. The increased detection of small, indolent thyroid tumors has prompted the re-evaluation of traditional management approaches and raised concerns regarding overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The potential role of active surveillance for certain low-risk cases is being explored and continues to generate clinical discussion. In addition, long-term outcomes and follow-up strategies for patients with thyroid cancer require further investigation.

In this context, the upcoming Special Issue, “New Insights in Thyroid Cancer”, aims to present the latest findings and advances in thyroid cancer research from basic science to clinical application. We invite researchers and clinicians to submit contributions that explore new concepts in thyroid cancer diagnosis, treatment, and disease mechanisms.

Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the following:

• Molecular and genetic mechanisms of thyroid tumorigenesis;
• Novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment responses;
• Advances in imaging and diagnostic techniques;
• Targeted therapies and resistance mechanisms;
• Immunotherapy and its role in thyroid cancer;
• Active surveillance and individualized management strategies.

All manuscripts will be evaluated through peer review and published in a format that ensures broad visibility.

We welcome your contributions to this Special Issue. For submission details and deadlines, please refer to the journal’s website or contact the editorial office.

Dr. Rodis D. Paparodis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• thyroid carcinoma
• molecular diagnostics
• targeted therapy
• genetic mutations
• radioiodine therapy
• radiofrequency ablation therapy
• active surveillance
• precision oncology