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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Compound Events and Climate Change Impacts in Agriculture
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Compound Events and Climate Change Impacts in Agriculture

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 2355

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rui Wang

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Guest Editor
School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou, China
Interests: climate change; compound dry–hot event; risk assessment; crop model
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Enliang Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
Interests: extreme climatic change; compound dry–hot event; natural disaster impacts; agricultural meteorological disasters and risk assessment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xiangqian Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
Interests: crop classification; spatiotemporal fusion; vegetation monitoring
Dr. Mo Zhou

E-Mail
Guest Editor
School of Geography Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
Interests: organic chemical pollution; environmental risk assessment; persistent organic pollutants in aquatic environment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is increasingly altering global weather patterns, leading to a rise in the frequency, intensity, and complexity of compound events. These are defined as the combination of multiple climate drivers or hazards (e.g., drought and heatwaves, consecutive flood and storm events, or concurrent oceanic and atmospheric extremes) that contribute to societal or environmental risk. The impacts of these compound events on agricultural systems are often non-linear and disproportionate, posing a severe threat to global food security, water resources, and ecosystem stability. While significant progress has been made in understanding individual extreme events, the integrated analysis of compound events and their cascading impacts on crops, livestock, and farm economies remains a critical research gap.In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Mechanisms and evolutionary characteristics of compound extreme events (e.g., dry–hot and flood–storm events).
  • Projections of compound events under future climate scenarios.
  • Climate change impacts on crop physiology, yield stability, and soil ecosystem services.
  • Integrated risk assessment and early warning systems of extreme climate events.
  • Technology for mitigating agricultural losses caused by extreme climate events.
  • A satellite-based framework for loss assessment of compound drought–heatwave events.
  • Remote sensing of vegetation response and recovery trajectories following compound climate disturbances.
  • Assessments of multi-hazard impacts on crop yield, water availability, and pest/disease outbreaks.
  • Policy-relevant insights for enhancing climate resilience in agriculture.

We look forward to hearing from you. 

Dr. Rui Wang
Dr. Enliang Guo
Dr. Xiangqian Li
Dr. Mo Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • compound extreme events
  • climate risk assessment
  • agricultural resilience
  • food security
  • remote sensing
  • crop modelling
  • multivariate hazards
  • adaptation strategies

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 11683 KB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Factors of Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation in the Sichuan Basin
by Zongying Yang, Shizhong Jiang, Hong Xie and Yule Hou
Atmosphere 2026, 17(4), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17040412 - 18 Apr 2026
Viewed by 455
Abstract
The Sichuan Basin is a high-incidence area for China’s drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) events. To reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) compound disasters in the Sichuan Basin, this study identified drought-to-flood (DF) and flood-to-drought (FD) events [...] Read more.
The Sichuan Basin is a high-incidence area for China’s drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) events. To reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of drought–flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) compound disasters in the Sichuan Basin, this study identified drought-to-flood (DF) and flood-to-drought (FD) events using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index based on meteorological data and circulation factors from 1963 to 2022. By constructing a standardized drought–flood abrupt alternation magnitude index to classify event grades, combined with methods such as trend analysis, Morlet wavelet and Random Forest, the study explored the trend variation laws, spatial distribution patterns, and core driving factors of DFAA events in the basin. The results showed that on the interannual scale, the upward trend of FD events was more obvious than that of DF events, with a significant increase in the proportion of moderate and severe events; both the frequency and intensity of summer FD events increased significantly, and the intensity of winter FD events also exhibited a marked upward trend. Spatially, DF events occurred frequently in Guang’an and Chongqing, while FD events were concentrated in the western edge of the basin, as well as Yibin and Luzhou. Moderate and severe events were more prominent in the edge areas of the basin. The occurrence of DFAA events was generally jointly driven by the meteorological factors and regulation of large-scale sea surface temperature-circulation factors: the triggering factors of DF events showed a diversified and decentralized characteristic, while FD events were mainly driven by the subtropical high, and tropical sea surface temperature anomalies were the common precursor signal for both types of events. This study provides a scientific basis and technical support for the formulation of disaster prevention and mitigation strategies and the optimal management of water resources for compound extreme meteorological disasters in the Sichuan Basin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compound Events and Climate Change Impacts in Agriculture)
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29 pages, 6975 KB  
Article
Interannual and Intraseasonal Effects of Drought and Heatwaves on Expanding Soybean Production Regions in Brazil
by Greici Joana Parisoto, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola and Felipe Gustavo Pilau
Atmosphere 2026, 17(4), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17040367 - 1 Apr 2026
Viewed by 907
Abstract
Climate extremes are major constraints on agricultural productivity, especially in tropical regions experiencing rapid expansion and intensification of soybean agriculture. This study analyzes spatiotemporal changes in soybean yields in response to droughts and heatwaves across highly productive municipalities in Brazil’s five macroregions from [...] Read more.
Climate extremes are major constraints on agricultural productivity, especially in tropical regions experiencing rapid expansion and intensification of soybean agriculture. This study analyzes spatiotemporal changes in soybean yields in response to droughts and heatwaves across highly productive municipalities in Brazil’s five macroregions from 1989 to 2020. By combining high-resolution meteorological data, satellite-based evapotranspiration estimates, and municipal-level crop yield data, we used standardized drought indices (Standardized Precipitation Index [SPI], Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index [SPEI]) and a heat index (Warm Spell Duration Index [WSDI]) with spatiotemporal linear regression analyses to explore the links between climate variability and soybean yields across Brazil’s diverse agroclimatic zones. The results show a clear rise in the frequency and severity of compound drought–heat events, especially in the Northeast and South frontiers, where yield sensitivity to hydroclimatic stress is highest. Municipal-level linear regression analyses and spatial patterns indicate that short-term dry events, rather than long-term climate trends, are the main drivers of recent yield variability, with notable spatial spillover effects observed across municipalities. Cristalina and Bom Jesus, for example, exhibit significant negative trends (p < 0.05) in both SPEI-6 (−0.04 and −0.03) and SPI-6 (0.04 and −0.03), indicating a consistent drying tendency over time. Over the 30-year period, municipalities accumulated total soybean yield losses of 3292.3 thousand tonnes (kt), corresponding to an average reduction of 3.7% relative to 5-year detrended yield. These findings highlight the increasing vulnerability of rainfed agriculture in Brazil and emphasize the critical role of seasonal timing, crop phenology, and regional climate patterns for effective climate risk management. This study provides empirical evidence linking combined extremes to agricultural performance and presents a scalable framework for early warning systems and for climate-resilient policy development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compound Events and Climate Change Impacts in Agriculture)
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25 pages, 9554 KB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Summer Dry-Heat Compound Events in Liaoning Province
by Xiaotian Bai, Rui Wang, Fengjun Shan and Longpeng Cong
Atmosphere 2026, 17(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17010022 - 24 Dec 2025
Viewed by 551
Abstract
In the context of global warming, the continued increase in the frequency of compound events—where drought and high-temperature extremes coincide—has led to severe natural disasters and substantial socio-economic losses. To systematically reveal the evolution of summer dry-heat compound events in Liaoning Province, this [...] Read more.
In the context of global warming, the continued increase in the frequency of compound events—where drought and high-temperature extremes coincide—has led to severe natural disasters and substantial socio-economic losses. To systematically reveal the evolution of summer dry-heat compound events in Liaoning Province, this study constructs a whole-chain analysis framework of “identification–feature extraction–multivariate probability assessment”. Based on the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardised Temperature Index (STI), we develop the Standardised Dry-Heat Index (SDHI) to identify dry-heat compound events. Run theory is applied simultaneously to extract key attributes for three types of events—drought, high temperature, and dry-heat compound events—and the Mann–Kendall test is used to detect their temporal mutation characteristics. By combining Copula functions with spatial analysis techniques, we further establish a whole-chain analysis method from “identification–feature extraction–hazard quantification”. The results show that during 1961–2020, summer drought, high-temperature, and dry-heat compound events occurred 4, 14, and 10 times, respectively, in Liaoning Province, with all three types showing a significant increase in frequency after the late 1990s. Spatially, zones of high drought intensity are mainly located in western Liaoning; the duration and severity of high temperatures are most pronounced in inland basin areas; and regions with high compound hazard intensity of dry-heat events largely coincide with urbanised areas. Climate propensity analyses further reveal that the province is experiencing an increasingly dry-heat-prone climate, with high temperatures being the dominant factor driving the enhanced hazard associated with dry-heat compound events. This study overcomes the limitations of traditional single-event analyses and provides a more accurate scientific basis for hazard assessment and zonal prevention and control of dry-heat disasters in Liaoning Province. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Compound Events and Climate Change Impacts in Agriculture)
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