Hydrometeorological Extremes: Mechanisms, Impacts and Future Risks

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 November 2025 | Viewed by 975

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Interests: climate change; extreme hydrological and meteorological events; droughts; heat waves; impact risk

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrometeorological extremes, such as floods, droughts, intense precipitation events, and compound events, such as heat waves combined with droughts, are among the most destructive natural phenomena globally. With climate change, the frequency, intensity, and spatial extent of these events are increasing, posing significant threats to human life, infrastructure, ecosystems, and socio-economic systems.

This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research that explores the mechanisms driving hydrometeorological extremes, their wide-ranging impacts on natural and human systems, and the future risks under changing climate conditions. We seek interdisciplinary contributions that integrate climatology, hydrology, meteorology, environmental science, and other relevant fields to provide a comprehensive understanding of these complex events.

Topics of Interest

Mechanisms of Hydrometeorological Extremes: Studies on the atmospheric and hydrological processes that lead to extreme events, including the role of large-scale climate patterns, land–atmosphere interactions, and local-scale meteorological conditions.

Impacts on Natural and Human Systems: Research on the impacts of hydrometeorological extremes on agriculture, water resources, ecosystems, public health, infrastructure, and socio-economic activities.

Future Risks and Projections: Investigations into how climate change will alter the frequency, intensity, and spatial distribution of hydrometeorological extremes, and assessments of future risks to different regions and sectors.

Modeling and Prediction: Advances in climate and hydrological modeling, forecasting techniques (including machine learning and artificial intelligence), and the development of new frameworks for better representation and evaluation of hydrometeorological extremes.

Risk Assessment and Management: Methodologies for assessing the risks associated with hydrometeorological extremes, vulnerability assessments, and strategies for enhancing resilience and adaptation.

Dr. Feng Ma
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • hydrometeorological extremes
  • driving mechanism
  • extreme event attribution
  • impact
  • risk assessment and projection
  • climate change

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3578 KB  
Article
Impacts of Climate Change on Streamflow to Ban Chat Reservoir
by Tran Khac Thac, Nguyen Tien Thanh, Nguyen Hoang Son and Vu Thi Minh Hue
Atmosphere 2025, 16(9), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16091054 - 5 Sep 2025
Viewed by 671
Abstract
Climate change is increasingly altering rainfall regimes and hydrological processes, posing major challenges to reservoir operation, flood control, and hydropower production. Understanding its impacts on the Ban Chat reservoir in Northwest Vietnam is therefore crucial for ensuring reliable water resource management under future [...] Read more.
Climate change is increasingly altering rainfall regimes and hydrological processes, posing major challenges to reservoir operation, flood control, and hydropower production. Understanding its impacts on the Ban Chat reservoir in Northwest Vietnam is therefore crucial for ensuring reliable water resource management under future uncertainties. This study aims to assess potential changes in streamflow to the Ban Chat reservoir under different climate change scenarios. The study employed nine Global Climate Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5). Future climate projections were bias-corrected using the Quantile Delta Mapping (QDM) method and used as input for the Hydrological Engineering Center–Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) to simulate future inflows. Streamflow changes were evaluated for near- (2021–2040), mid- (2041–2060), and late-century (2061–2080) periods relative to the baseline (1995–2014). Results show that under SSP1-2.6, mean annual discharge and flood-season flows steadily increase (up to +6.9% by 2061–2080), while storage deficits persist (−27.7% to −13.1%). Under SSP2-4.5, changes remain small, with flood peaks limited to +4.5% mid-century, but severe dry-season deficits continue (−29.5% to −24.4%). In contrast, SSP5-8.5 projects strong late-century increases in mean flows (+7.5%) and flood peaks (+8.2%), though early-century flood flows decline (−2.1%). These findings provide essential scientific evidence for adaptive reservoir operation, hydropower planning, and flood risk management, underscoring the significance of incorporating climate scenarios into sustainable water resource strategies in mountainous regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrometeorological Extremes: Mechanisms, Impacts and Future Risks)
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