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Atmosphere
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Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Atmosphere
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Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Atmosphere

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 1919

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roberto M.R. Di Martino

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Guest Editor
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 90146 Palermo, Italy
Interests: geochemistry; stable isotopes in CO2; volcanic gases; gas hazard; GIS; gas emissions in urban zones; aqueous geochemistry; environmental geochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Francesco Parello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi, 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
Interests: geochemistry and volcanology; environmental impact of volcanic activity
Dr. Sergio Calabrese

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi, 36, 90123 Palermo, Italy
Interests: trace element geochemistry; volcanic emissions; volcanic particulate; passive degassing volcanoes; volcanic ashes; atmospheric deposition; environmental impact of volcanoes; active and passive biomonitoring

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The impact of volcanic eruptions on the atmosphere is a matter of great interest to scientists and researchers worldwide. Volcanic activity releases a vast amount of gas, ash, and aerosols that can have a significant impact on our planet’s climate and air quality. These eruptions can inject large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and other gases into the stratosphere, where they can persist for years and have long-lasting effects. For example, sulfur dioxide reacts with water vapor, forming sulfuric acid aerosols that can scatter and absorb solar radiation, leading to a cooling effect on the Earth's surface. Volcanic eruptions can also have detrimental effects on air quality. Fine ash particles and aerosols can have health impacts on local populations, leading to respiratory issues and other ailments.

Considering the importance of understanding the impact of volcanic eruptions on the atmosphere, we invite researchers and scientists to submit papers for a Special Issue on this subject. This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research, observations, and modelling studies to enhance our knowledge of how volcanic eruptions influence our atmosphere. We encourage the submission of papers focusing on a range of topics, such as the climate effects of volcanic emissions, the impact on atmospheric depositions and related atmospheric chemical processes, ash dispersion modelling and how it can influence the geochemical cycle of the elements, the impact of air quality on health and the environment, and mitigation strategies.

The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge and foster further advancements in this critical field. Contributions from interdisciplinary research teams, incorporating geology, atmospheric science, remote sensing, environmental geochemistry, and health sciences, among others, are highly encouraged.

Dr. Roberto M.R. Di Martino
Prof. Dr. Francesco Parello
Dr. Sergio Calabrese
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • geochemistry
  • volcanic eruptions
  • atmosphere
  • volcanic gases
  • aerosols
  • volcanic ashes
  • air quality
  • gas hazard
  • atmospheric deposition
  • human health

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1781 KiB  
Article
Exposure to Acid Aerosols in the Visiting Areas of the Poás Volcano National Park, Costa Rica
by Christian Vargas Jiménez, José Pablo Sibaja Brenes, Rosa Alfaro Solís, Henry Borbón Alpízar, Mónica Brenes Ortiz and Maricruz Arguedas González
Atmosphere 2024, 15(7), 848; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15070848 - 19 Jul 2024
Viewed by 746
Abstract
Poás Volcano made a magmatic eruption in April 2017. The volcanic outburst resulted in an ash and vapor column towering over three kilometers high. Since that time, there has been a continual release of gases, aerosols, and more recently, ash, posing potential issues [...] Read more.
Poás Volcano made a magmatic eruption in April 2017. The volcanic outburst resulted in an ash and vapor column towering over three kilometers high. Since that time, there has been a continual release of gases, aerosols, and more recently, ash, posing potential issues for visitors and park rangers. In this work, the potential for exposure to acid gases and aerosols faced by park rangers, officials, and visitors to the Poás Volcano National Park was evaluated, and the concentrations found were compared with the exposure limits established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The study was conducted between October 2021 and November 2022. the concentrations of HCl(g), HNO3(ac), HF(g), and H2SO4(ac) were determined at three strategic points: the ranger station, the visitor center, and the main crater viewpoint. The maximum concentrations obtained were (7.0 ± 1.6) ppb for HCl(g), (6.2 ± 2.8) ppb for HNO3(ac), and (0.029 ± 0.044) ppm for H2SO4(ac). There were no concentration values above the detection limit (0.94 μg/m3) for HF(g). By comparing the data obtained with similar studies, it is concluded that the measured values in Poás Volcano National Park are low and only show similarities to the results found in volcanoes within the national territory. The exposure limit established by OSHA (0.02 ppm) was only surpassed by H2SO4(ac), and could be the cause of health effects experienced over the years by park rangers. To minimize these risks, the use of personal protective equipment and air quality monitoring is essential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Atmosphere)
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10 pages, 1124 KiB  
Article
Five Large 13th Century C.E. Volcanic Eruptions Recorded in Antarctica Ice Cores
by Jihong Cole-Dai, Derek L. Brandis and Dave G. Ferris
Atmosphere 2024, 15(6), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15060661 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 800
Abstract
Major explosive volcanic eruptions impact the climate by altering the radiative balance of the atmosphere and through feedback mechanisms in the climate system. The extent of the impact depends on the magnitude (aerosol mass loading) and the number or frequency of such eruptions. [...] Read more.
Major explosive volcanic eruptions impact the climate by altering the radiative balance of the atmosphere and through feedback mechanisms in the climate system. The extent of the impact depends on the magnitude (aerosol mass loading) and the number or frequency of such eruptions. Multiple Antarctica ice core records of past volcanic eruptions reveal that the number (5) of major eruptions (volcanic sulfate deposition flux greater than 10 kg km−2) was the highest in the 13th century over the last two millennia. Signals of four of the five eruptions are dated to the second half of the century, indicating consecutive major eruptions capable of causing sustained climate impact via known feedback processes. The fact that signals of four corresponding eruptions have been found in a Greenland ice core indicates that four of the five 13th century eruptions were probably by volcanoes in the low latitudes (between 20° N and 20° S) with substantial aerosol mass loading. These eruptions in the low latitudes likely exerted the strongest volcanic impact on climate in the last two millennia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on the Atmosphere)
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