Effect of Dietary Hempseed Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Blood Parameters in Yearling Rough Stock Bulls
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Care and Use
2.2. Experimental Design and Treatments
2.3. Sample Collection
2.4. Laboratory Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Growth Performance and Feed Efficiency
3.2. Plasma Urea Nitrogen
3.3. Other Blood Parameters
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Supplement | |||
---|---|---|---|
Ingredients, % DM | Basal Diet | CON | HSM |
Bermuda grass hay | 50.0 | ||
Stocker 10 | 40.0 | ||
Supplement | 10.0 | ||
Hempseed Meal | -- | -- | 100.0 |
Cottonseed Meal | -- | 72.5 | -- |
Soybean Hulls | -- | 14.5 | -- |
Essentiom (fat/oil) | -- | 13.0 | -- |
Nutritional Profile 3, DM | |||
DM, % | 89.7 | 89.8 | 94.5 |
Crude Protein, % | 10.5 | 34.4 | 34.8 |
Neutral Detergent Fiber, % | 52.2 | 33.8 | 43.6 |
Crude Fat, % | 3.0 | 14.2 | 16.1 |
Ash, % | 5.8 | 8.2 | 8.9 |
Total Digestible Nutrients, % | 66.2 | 80.8 | 68.9 |
NEM 1, Mcal/kg | 0.67 | 0.88 | 0.78 |
NEG 2, Mcal/kg | 0.40 | 0.58 | 0.50 |
Treatment 1 | p-Value 3 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Item | CON | HSM | SEM 2 | TRT | Day | TRT × Day |
Initial Weight, kg | 258.83 | 263.43 | 74.71 | 0.970 | - | - |
Final Weight, kg | 320.40 | 324.69 | 66.84 | 0.957 | - | - |
Total Performance | ||||||
d 0–63 | ||||||
ADG, kg | 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.19 | 0.683 | <0.001 | 0.563 |
DMI, kg | 7.25 | 8.38 | 1.01 | 0.103 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
F:G, kg/kg | 8.08 | 9.75 | 4.02 | 0.341 | 0.167 | 0.254 |
Interim Performance | ||||||
d 0–21 | ||||||
ADG, kg | 1.12 | 0.88 | 0.23 | 0.076 | ||
DMI, kg | 6.56 | 8.31 | 1.25 | 0.441 | ||
F:G, kg/kg | 5.96 | 11.74 | 7.32 | 0.084 | ||
d 21–42 | ||||||
ADG, kg | 1.18 | 1.19 | 0.21 | 0.974 | ||
DMI, kg | 7.32 | 8.36 | 0.98 | 0.651 | ||
F:G, kg/kg | 6.32 | 7.32 | 1.96 | 0.701 | ||
d 42–63 | ||||||
ADG, kg | 0.73 | 0.84 | 0.13 | 0.401 | ||
DMI, kg | 7.87 | 8.49 | 0.82 | 0.868 | ||
F:G, kg/kg | 11.97 | 10.18 | 2.79 | 0.581 |
CON 1 | HSM 1 | p-Values | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D0 | D21 | D42 | D63 | D0 | D21 | D42 | D63 | TRT | Day | TRT × Day | |
Albumin, g/dL | 2.93 a | 2.53 b | 2.6 b | 2.71 ab | 2.58 a | 2.44 b | 2.5 b | 2.58 ab | 0.065 | 0.054 | 0.613 |
Alkaline phosphate, U/L | 169.13 | 145.22 | 145 | 131.68 | 120.68 | 150.93 | 128 | 130.47 | 0.25 | 0.823 | 0.415 |
Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 22.53 b | 26.33 ab | 27.29 a | 28.79 a | 24.93 b | 26.93 ab | 28.89 a | 31.05 a | 0.148 | 0.017 | 0.811 |
Bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.74 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.24 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.299 | 0.595 | 0.44 |
Creatine, mg/dL | 15.9 | 1.18 | 1.24 | 1.35 | 1.47 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 1.2 | 0.323 | 0.408 | 0.43 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 9.32 | 10.06 | 9.82 | 9.93 | 8.18 | 10.49 | 9.74 | 9.87 | 0.478 | 0.002 | 0.131 |
Phosphorus, mg/dL | 8.07 | 7.28 | 8.26 | 7.27 | 7.64 | 7.61 | 8.2 | 7.97 | 0.356 | 0.147 | 0.774 |
Sodium, mmol/L | 137.8 | 138.33 | 139.07 | 141.31 | 135.13 | 137.93 | 137.78 | 139.53 | 0.617 | 0.955 | 0.99 |
Potassium, mmol/L | 6.13 a | 4.92 b | 4.77 bc | 5.01 b | 4.5 c | 5.19 b | 4.94 b | 5.27 b | 0.184 | 0.642 | <0.001 |
Amylase, U/L | 23.87 | 42.06 | 40.43 | 44.89 | 36.25 | 57.47 | 63.89 | 45 | 0.297 | 0.002 | 0.45 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 147.2 | 135.94 | 128.64 | 131.53 | 121.8 | 11.53 | 98.11 | 114.05 | 0.065 | 0.173 | 0.798 |
Plasma urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 4.92 | 9.72 | 11 | 12.26 | 5.06 | 11.13 | 12.44 | 13.15 | 0.043 | <0.001 | 0.17 |
Globulin, g/dL | 3.66 | 4.63 | 4.64 | 4.83 | 4.67 | 5.32 | 5.2 | 5.08 | 0.025 | 0.03 | 0.894 |
Total protein, g/dL | 7.81 a | 7.34 bc | 7.21c | 7.53 bc | 7.71 abc | 7.77 ab | 7.71 ab | 7.68 abc | 0.196 | 0.254 | 0.027 |
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McGovern, S.L.; Brady, J.A.; Runyan, C.L.; Schwertner, T.W.; Guay, K.A.; Smith, L.A.; Springer, R.W.; Wellmann, K.B. Effect of Dietary Hempseed Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Blood Parameters in Yearling Rough Stock Bulls. Ruminants 2024, 4, 362-374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants4030026
McGovern SL, Brady JA, Runyan CL, Schwertner TW, Guay KA, Smith LA, Springer RW, Wellmann KB. Effect of Dietary Hempseed Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Blood Parameters in Yearling Rough Stock Bulls. Ruminants. 2024; 4(3):362-374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants4030026
Chicago/Turabian StyleMcGovern, Samantha L., Jeff A. Brady, Cheyenne L. Runyan, Thomas W. Schwertner, Kimberly A. Guay, Lane A. Smith, Ryon W. Springer, and Kimberly B. Wellmann. 2024. "Effect of Dietary Hempseed Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Blood Parameters in Yearling Rough Stock Bulls" Ruminants 4, no. 3: 362-374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants4030026
APA StyleMcGovern, S. L., Brady, J. A., Runyan, C. L., Schwertner, T. W., Guay, K. A., Smith, L. A., Springer, R. W., & Wellmann, K. B. (2024). Effect of Dietary Hempseed Meal on Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Blood Parameters in Yearling Rough Stock Bulls. Ruminants, 4(3), 362-374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ruminants4030026