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Volume 5
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Communication

Nematocidal Activity of a Variety of Plants Used in Mexico Against Strongyloides venezuelensis

by
Joel H. Elizondo-Luévano
1,2,
Abelardo Chávez-Montes
2,*,
Antonio Muro
1,
Belén Vicente-Santiago
1,
Miroslava Kačániová
3,4,
David G. García-Hernández
2,
Aldo F. Bazaldúa-Rodríguez
2,
Horacio Larqué-García
2,
Uziel Castillo-Velázquez
5 and
Julio López-Abán
1,*
1
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Group (e-INTRO), IBSAL-CIETUS (Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca; Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca (USAL), Ldo, Mendez Nieto s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico
3
Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture (SUA), Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia
4
School of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01043 Warsaw, Poland
5
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, UANL, Ex Hacienda el Canadá, Cd. General Escobedo 66054, Nuevo León, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Parasitologia 2025, 5(2), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia5020018
Submission received: 20 February 2025 / Revised: 15 April 2025 / Accepted: 21 April 2025 / Published: 23 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Products Chemistry: Innovation and New Frontiers in Antiparasitic Therapies)
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Abstract

Strongyloidiasis represents a public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. The medicinal plants demonstrate the potential of plants as a source of molecules with helminthic activity. In this research, we assessed the potential of five extracts medicinally used in Mexico against Strongyloides venezuelensis third-stage infective larvae (L3). Plant methanol (MeOH) extracts of Argemone mexicana (chicalote), Jatropha dioica (Sangre de Drago), Lippia graveolens (oregano), Thymus vulgaris (tomillo), and Kalanchoe daigremontiana (aranto) were prepared by the maceration technique. The toxicity of the extracts was evaluated in human red blood cells by the hemolysis test and in monkey kidney epithelial cells (Vero cells) using the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In addition, we showed their antioxidant potential by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The methanolic extracts of A. mexicana, J. dioica, L. graveolens, and T. vulgaris exhibited significant activity against L3 cultures at 72 and 96 h post-incubation. None of the extracts showed hemolytic effects on red cells or Vero cells. L. graveolens demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity, with an EC50 of 19.80 µg/mL. Plant MeOH extracts used in this study showed a promising anthelmintic effect in vitro, making it a suitable candidate for future research in nematocidal therapies.
Keywords: drug discovery; gastrointestinal nematodes; natural products; phytotherapy; helminth infections; traditional medicine; bioactive metabolites; anthelmintic plants drug discovery; gastrointestinal nematodes; natural products; phytotherapy; helminth infections; traditional medicine; bioactive metabolites; anthelmintic plants

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MDPI and ACS Style

Elizondo-Luévano, J.H.; Chávez-Montes, A.; Muro, A.; Vicente-Santiago, B.; Kačániová, M.; García-Hernández, D.G.; Bazaldúa-Rodríguez, A.F.; Larqué-García, H.; Castillo-Velázquez, U.; López-Abán, J. Nematocidal Activity of a Variety of Plants Used in Mexico Against Strongyloides venezuelensis. Parasitologia 2025, 5, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia5020018

AMA Style

Elizondo-Luévano JH, Chávez-Montes A, Muro A, Vicente-Santiago B, Kačániová M, García-Hernández DG, Bazaldúa-Rodríguez AF, Larqué-García H, Castillo-Velázquez U, López-Abán J. Nematocidal Activity of a Variety of Plants Used in Mexico Against Strongyloides venezuelensis. Parasitologia. 2025; 5(2):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia5020018

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elizondo-Luévano, Joel H., Abelardo Chávez-Montes, Antonio Muro, Belén Vicente-Santiago, Miroslava Kačániová, David G. García-Hernández, Aldo F. Bazaldúa-Rodríguez, Horacio Larqué-García, Uziel Castillo-Velázquez, and Julio López-Abán. 2025. "Nematocidal Activity of a Variety of Plants Used in Mexico Against Strongyloides venezuelensis" Parasitologia 5, no. 2: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia5020018

APA Style

Elizondo-Luévano, J. H., Chávez-Montes, A., Muro, A., Vicente-Santiago, B., Kačániová, M., García-Hernández, D. G., Bazaldúa-Rodríguez, A. F., Larqué-García, H., Castillo-Velázquez, U., & López-Abán, J. (2025). Nematocidal Activity of a Variety of Plants Used in Mexico Against Strongyloides venezuelensis. Parasitologia, 5(2), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/parasitologia5020018

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