Study on the Countermeasures of Ensuring Drinking Water Security in Shanshan County of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China ^†

China has paid more attention to improving urban and rural drinking water security in recent years. Ensuring the security of drinking water in urban and rural areas is a fundamental condition for protecting the basic interests of the public, and it is also an important aspect of building a moderately and all-sided prosperous society in China. Taking the Shanshan County in Turpan City of Xinjiang Autonomous Region as an example, this study analyzed the countermeasures of ensuring drinking water security. Firstly, this paper discusses the status quo of drinking water security in Shanshan. In terms of urban drinking water, problems are shown as follows: (1) drinking water sources are polluted to varying degrees; (2) water treatment technologies lag behind when compared to the social development; (3) there is a high leakage rate in the water supply pipe network; and (4) there is low emergency handling capability. In terms of rural drinking water, small-scale drinking water security projects are on low construction standard, which has resulted in low water supply guarantee rates and poor water source protection and water quality supervision. Secondly, based on an analysis of current problems, the quantity of water resources guaranteed is put forward. This paper divides Shanshan County into three units—the Karuqi area, the Ertanggou area, and the Kekeya area—based on urban or rural land use. This paper proposes the optimal distribution of regional water plants and a water supply network for the optimal allocation of regional water resources. Thirdly, for water quality improvement, a corresponding water purification program is developed to solve raw water quality problems, which includes centralized and decentralized water quality treatment, as well as an intelligent water flow control process. At the same time, management measures such as water source conservation and risk control measures are proposed in order to promote the security of drinking water. This paper also puts forward relevant strategic suggestions for ensuring the security of drinking water in Shanshan County, which includes enhancing equipment for the project, modulizing the system of devices, developing instrumentation of the management system, and establishing an intelligent water management platform. This study acts as a reference for solving problems of drinking water security in urban and rural areas in arid regions in Northwest China and similar areas around the world.