Flywheel Romanian Deadlift: Intra- and Inter-Day Kinetic and Kinematic Reliability of Four Inertial Loads Using Cluster Sets
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Approach to the Problem
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedures
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Internal Group | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Inertial Loads | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 |
0.025 kg·m2 | 420 ± 112 | 406 ± 74 | 425 ± 92 | 437 ± 114 |
0.050 kg·m2 | 376 ± 99 | 382 ± 67 | 385 ± 55 | 436 ± 88 |
0.075 kg·m2 | 347 ± 87 | 333 ± 40 | 354 ± 48 | 403 ± 89 |
0.100 kg·m2 | 305 ± 63 | 295 ± 33 | 346 ± 49 | 368 ± 78 |
External group | ||||
Inertial loads | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 |
0.025 kg·m2 | 370 ± 96 | 348 ± 106 | 414 ± 123 | 426 ± 103 |
0.050 kg·m2 | 338 ± 91 | 352 ± 157 | 413 ± 131 | 417 ± 122 |
0.075 kg·m2 | 335 ± 69 | 358 ± 86 | 396 ± 112 | 375 ± 94 |
0.100 kg·m2 | 287 ± 50 | 310 ± 67 | 365 ± 99 | 356 ± 92 |
Internal Group | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inertial Load | Cronbach’s α | Single Measure | 95% CI | Average Measure | 95% CI |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.97 | 0.93 | 0.78–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.92–1.00 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.94 | 0.79 | 0.44–0.96 | 0.92 | 0.70–0.98 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.97 | 0.83 | 0.34–0.97 | 0.94 | 0.61–0.99 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.87–0.99 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.00 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.82–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.93–1.00 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.87 | 0.72 | 0.29–0.94 | 0.88 | 0.54–0.98 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.88 | 0.72 | 0.32–0.94 | 0.89 | 0.59–0.98 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.95 | 0.86 | 0.60–0.97 | 0.95 | 0.82–0.99 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.91 | 0.78 | 0.42–0.95 | 0.92 | 0.68–0.98 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.83 | 0.65 | 0.17–0.92 | 0.85 | 0.39–0.97 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.67 | 0.35 | −0.38–0.80 | 0.62 | −0.13–0.92 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.95 | 0.87 | 0.62–0.97 | 0.95 | 0.83–0.99 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.86 | 0.68 | 0.27–0.93 | 0.87 | 0.52–0.98 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.71 | 0.48 | −0.30–0.87 | 0.73 | −0.96–0.95 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.64–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.84–0.99 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.75–0.98 | 0.97 | 0.90–1.00 |
External Group | |||||
Inertial load | Cronbach’s α | Single Measure | 95% CI | Average Measure | 95% CI |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.74–0.99 | 0.97 | 0.89–1.00 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.67–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.85–0.99 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.85–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.00 |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.88–0.99 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.00 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.69–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.87–0.99 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.67–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.86–0.99 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.68–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.87–0.99 |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.98 | 0.94 | 0.81–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.93–1.00 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.96 | 0.89 | 0.67–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.86–0.99 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.97 | 0.93 | 0.75–0.99 | 0.97 | 0.90–1.00 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.98 | 0.95 | 0.83–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.00 |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.95 | 0.88 | 0.64–0.98 | 0.96 | 0.84–0.99 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1) | 0.93 | 0.81 | 0.49–0.96 | 0.93 | 0.74–0.99 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2) | 0.95 | 0.85 | 0.59–0.97 | 0.95 | 0.81–0.99 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3) | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.85–0.99 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.00 |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 0.95 | 0.86 | 0.60–0.97 | 0.95 | 0.82–0.99 |
Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) Internal Group | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inertial Loads | Cronbach’s α | Single Measure | 95% CI | Average Measure | 95% CI | SEM | |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.76 | 0.61 | 0.26–0.82 | 0.76 | 0.41–0.90 | 41.86 | |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.68 | 0.51 | 0.12–0.77 | 0.68 | 0.21–0.87 | ||
0.025 kg·m−2 (Day 3–4) | 0.83 | 0.71 | 0.41–0.87 | 0.83 | 0.58–0.93 | ||
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.59 | 0.43 | 0.01–0.73 | 0.61 | 0.02–0.84 | 49.41 | |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.67 | 0.52 | 0.11–0.77 | 0.68 | 0.20–0.87 | ||
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.56 | 0.32 | −0.06–0.64 | 0.48 | −0.13–0.78 | ||
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.41 | 0.26 | −0.19–0.62 | 0.41 | −0.46–0.76 | 35.91 | |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.77 | 0.57 | 0.18–0.80 | 0.73 | 0.31–0.89 | ||
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.47 | 0.26 | −0.11–0.59 | 0.41 | −0.25–0.74 | ||
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | −0.49 | −0.20 | −0.60–0.25 | −0.51 | −3.03–0.40 | 30.99 | |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.68 | 0.30 | −0.11–0.65 | 0.46 | −0.24–0.78 | ||
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.66 | 0.48 | 0.09–0.75 | 0.65 | 0.17–0.85 | ||
External Group | |||||||
Inertial loads | Cronbach’s α | Single Measure | 95% CI | Average Measure | 95% CI | SEM | |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.79 | 0.66 | 0.33–0.85 | 0.80 | 0.49–0.92 | 37.06 | |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.95 | 0.84 | 0.27–0.95 | 0.91 | 0.43–0.97 | ||
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.92 | 0.85 | 0.67–0.94 | 0.92 | 0.80–0.97 | ||
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.75 | 0.60 | 0.25–0.81 | 0.75 | 0.34–0.90 | 30.10 | |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.85 | 0.64 | 0.14–0.85 | 0.78 | 0.25–0.92 | ||
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.76–0.96 | 0.94 | 0.86–0.98 | ||
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.65 | 0.50 | 0.08–0.76 | 0.66 | 0.15–0.87 | 26.25 | |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.82 | 0.59 | 0.10–0.83 | 0.74 | 0.19–0.91 | ||
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.93 | 0.86 | 0.68–0.94 | 0.93 | 0.81–0.97 | ||
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1–2) | 0.67 | 0.46 | 0.08–0.74 | 0.63 | 0.14–0.85 | 23.03 | |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2–3) | 0.79 | 0.55 | 0.08–0.81 | 0.71 | 0.14–0.89 | ||
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3–4) | 0.93 | 0.87 | 0.71–0.95 | 0.93 | 0.83–0.97 |
Internal Group | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inertial Loads | (ES) | CV (%) | TE | SWC0.5 (Watts) | SEM | Interpretation |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.15 | 7.50 | 67.53 | 14.48 | 36.10 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.23 | 9.67 | 75.22 | 15.00 | 40.21 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.12 | 10.09 | 86.88 | 18.96 | 46.44 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 5.58 | 73.05 | 10.28 | 39.04 | Good | |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.07 | 5.70 | 64.19 | 10.94 | 34.31 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.05 | 14.45 | 110.84 | 15.44 | 59.25 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.70 | 6.48 | 92.54 | 13.06 | 49.46 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 6.14 | 86.50 | 15.14 | 46.23 | Good | |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.21 | 6.51 | 49.14 | 18.76 | 26.26 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.48 | 7.14 | 60.55 | 11.21 | 32.37 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.69 | 5.38 | 79.51 | 17.18 | 42.50 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 7.87 | 66.58 | 14.81 | 35.59 | Good | |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.20 | 8.08 | 35.20 | 17.21 | 18.81 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 1.22 | 8.21 | 47.70 | 11.41 | 25.50 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.34 | 6.45 | 70.14 | 8.36 | 37.49 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 8.70 | 65.17 | 10.50 | 34.83 | Good | |
External Group | ||||||
Inertial loads | (ES) | CV (%) | TE | SWC0.5 (Watts) | SEM | Interpretation |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.22 | 7.03 | 79.02 | 13.35 | 42.24 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.57 | 7.12 | 52.20 | 16.41 | 27.90 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.11 | 9.59 | 64.97 | 19.45 | 34.73 | Good |
0.025 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 4.61 | 80.70 | 11.70 | 43.14 | Good | |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.11 | 6.49 | 70.05 | 10.55 | 37.45 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.42 | 8.45 | 47.49 | 24.86 | 25.39 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.03 | 7.05 | 39.12 | 13.32 | 20.91 | Good |
0.050 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 7.13 | 62.38 | 11.42 | 33.34 | Good | |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.30 | 10.67 | 61.53 | 11.24 | 32.89 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.38 | 6.85 | 28.50 | 11.58 | 15.24 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.20 | 9.47 | 33.78 | 10.88 | 18.06 | Good |
0.075 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 7.43 | 62.78 | 14.91 | 33.56 | Good | |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 1) | (D1–D2)- 0.39 | 11.80 | 44.20 | 11.08 | 23.62 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 2) | (D2–D3)- 0.65 | 7.81 | 23.55 | 12.10 | 12.59 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 3) | (D3–D4)- 0.09 | 4.84 | 34.79 | 10.52 | 18.59 | Good |
0.100 kg·m2 (Day 4) | 5.50 | 54.95 | 15.65 | 29.37 | Good |
Variable | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pcon 0.025 kg·m2 | 667.61 ± 172.66 | 665.67 ± 188.11 | 731.72 ± 155.30 | 724.72 ± 229.11 |
Pecc 0.025 kg·m2 | 633.33 ± 153.57 | 667.33 ± 176.26 | 695.39 ± 154.36 | 685.56 ± 217.70 |
Ratio 0.025 kg·m2 | 0.98 ± 0.12 | 1.07 ± 0.16 | 1.08 ± 0.10 | 1.16 ± 0.11 |
Pcon 0.050 kg·m2 | 601.83 ± 160.28 | 645.06 ± 148.90 | 655.44 ± 125.54 | 722.56 * ± 223.61 |
Pecc 0.050 kg·m2 | 634.44 ± 152.66 | 695.06 ± 140.49 | 690.11 ± 136.99 | 765.56 * ± 237.55 |
Ratio 0.050 kg·m2 | 0.97 ± 0.12 | 1.02 ± 0.17 | 1.04 ± 0.13 | 1.06 ± 0.08 |
Pcon 0.075 kg·m2 | 546.61 ± 149.01 | 564.11 ± 108.75 | 609.28 ± 128.83 | 674.33 * ± 234.24 |
Pecc 0.075 kg·m2 | 601.44 ± 178.97 | 616.67 ± 95.67 | 643.28 ± 121.11 | 717.78 *# ± 267.82 |
Ratio 0.075 kg·m2 | 0.96 ± 0.07 | 1.06 ± 0.14 | 1.07 ± 0.16 | 1.13 ± 0.12 |
Pcon 0.100 kg·m2 | 470.50 ± 100.13 | 492.44 ± 88.41 | 583.72 ± 131.67 | 618.67 ± 216.41 |
Pecc 0.100 kg·m2 | 544.44 ± 115.96 | 548.72 ± 95.05 | 657.06 ± 149.79 | 657.72 ± 212.25 |
Ratio 0.100 kg·m2 | 0.95 ± 0.03 | 1.06 ± 0.10 | 1.06 ± 0.06 | 1.07 ± 0.06 |
Variable | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pcon 0.025 kg·m2 | 598.61 ± 144.50 | 607.11 ± 274.84 | 631.06 ± 191.91 | 737.89 *# ± 242.12 |
Pecc 0.025 kg·m2 | 525.56 ± 132.28 | 600.00 ± 348.76 | 637.83 * ± 251.22 | 720.06 *# ± 320.44 |
Ratio 0.025 kg·m2 | 0.90 ± 0.07 | 1.01 ± 0.11 | 1.09 ± 0.16 | 1.12 ± 0.16 |
Pcon 0.050 kg·m2 | 619.56 ± 178.00 | 553.39 ± 150.90 | 610.17 ± 160.07 | 719.89 *# ± 201.83 |
Pecc 0.050 kg·m2 | 633.00 ± 210.43 | 583.83 ± 225.85 | 678.06 # ± 304.86 | 826.83 *# ± 326.14 |
Ratio 0.050 kg·m2 | 0.95 ± 0.18 | 1.03 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.21 | 1.13 ± 0.16 |
Pcon 0.075 kg·m2 | 539.89 ± 109.62 | 516.67 ± 111.98 | 578.50 ± 155.09 | 628.11 *# ± 213.66 |
Pecc 0.075 kg·m2 | 588.67 ± 179.82 | 556.17 ± 174.47 | 642.67 # ± 260.92 | 739.33 *# ± 321.90 |
Ratio 0.075 kg·m2 | 1.00 ± 0.12 | 1.08 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.25 | 1.15 ± 0.20 |
Pcon 0.100 kg·m2 | 473.89 ± 82.17 | 477.00 ± 90.39 | 501.89 ± 103.40 | 577.00 *# ± 176.50 |
Pecc 0.100 kg·m2 | 535.22 ± 143.94 | 529.94 ± 157.45 | 575.83 ± 188.84 | 638.83 *# ± 248.19 |
Ratio 0.100 kg·m2 | 0.95 ± 0.11 | 1.12 ± 0.15 | 1.18 ± 0.18 | 1.12 ± 0.18 |
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Ryan, S.; Ramirez-Campillo, R.; Browne, D.; Moody, J.; Byrne, P.J. Flywheel Romanian Deadlift: Intra- and Inter-Day Kinetic and Kinematic Reliability of Four Inertial Loads Using Cluster Sets. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2024, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9010001
Ryan S, Ramirez-Campillo R, Browne D, Moody J, Byrne PJ. Flywheel Romanian Deadlift: Intra- and Inter-Day Kinetic and Kinematic Reliability of Four Inertial Loads Using Cluster Sets. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2024; 9(1):1. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9010001
Chicago/Turabian StyleRyan, Shane, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Declan Browne, Jeremy Moody, and Paul J. Byrne. 2024. "Flywheel Romanian Deadlift: Intra- and Inter-Day Kinetic and Kinematic Reliability of Four Inertial Loads Using Cluster Sets" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 9, no. 1: 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9010001