Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Collegiate Women Soccer Athletes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Design
2.2. Subjects
2.3. Procedures
2.3.1. Energy Availability
2.3.2. Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire
2.3.3. Abridged Sport Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire
3. Statistical Analysis
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. Limitations
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Height (m) | 1.67 ± 0.1 |
Body Mass (kg) | 65.3 ± 7.9 |
Fat Free Mass (kg) | 49.1 ± 4.7 |
Body Fat (%) | 24.9 ± 5.6 |
Age (yrs.) | 19.2 ± 1.1 |
LEA (n = 12) | Non-LEA (n = 6) | All (n = 18) | Effect Size | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Energy Availability (kcals/kg FFM/d) | 23.0 ± 5.7 | 36.4 ± 7.3 | 27.5 ± 8.9 | 2.0 |
Energy Intake (kcal/d) | 1806.8 ± 264.0 | 2179.7 ± 452.0 * | 1931.2 ± 371.2 | 1.0 |
Relative Energy Intake (kcals/kg/d) | 26.9 ± 5.2 | 36.5 ± 7.0 ** | 30.1 ± 7.3 | 1.6 |
Carbohydrate Intake (g/d) | 220.1 ± 36.6 | 274.3 ± 59.8 * | 238.2 ± 51.1 | 1.1 |
Relative Carbohydrate intake (g/kg/d) | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 4.6 ± 0.9 ** | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 1.6 |
Protein Intake (g/d) | 74.5 ± 17.0 | 81.1 ± 22.3 | 76.7 ± 18.5 | 0.3 |
Relative Protein Intake (g/kg/d) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.7 |
Fat Intake (g/d) | 64.1 ± 12. | 82.7 ± 26.7 | 70.3 ± 19.6 | 0.9 |
Relative Fat Intake (g/kg/d) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.4 * | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.3 |
Body Mass (kg) | BF% (%) | FFM (kg) | FM (kg) | Mean EA (kcal/kg FFM) | LEAFQ Score (AU) | ASNKQ (% Correct) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Mass (kg) | 1 | 0.479 * | 0.774 ** | 0.828 ** | −0.503 * | −0.068 | −0.322 |
BF% (%) | 1 | −0.135 | 0.771 ** | −0.068 | −0.116 | −0.183 | |
FFM (kg) | 1 | 0.301 | −0.520 * | 0.014 | −0.066 | ||
FM (kg) | 1 | −0.324 | −0.116 | −0.508 * | |||
Mean EA (kcal/kg FFM) | 1 | 0.088 | 0.117 | ||||
LEAFQ Score (AU) | 1 | 0.410 | |||||
ASNKQ (% Correct) | 1 |
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Magee, M.K.; Lockard, B.L.; Zabriskie, H.A.; Schaefer, A.Q.; Luedke, J.A.; Erickson, J.L.; Jones, M.T.; Jagim, A.R. Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Collegiate Women Soccer Athletes. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2020, 5, 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040096
Magee MK, Lockard BL, Zabriskie HA, Schaefer AQ, Luedke JA, Erickson JL, Jones MT, Jagim AR. Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Collegiate Women Soccer Athletes. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2020; 5(4):96. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040096
Chicago/Turabian StyleMagee, Meghan K., Brittanie L. Lockard, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Alexis Q. Schaefer, Joel A. Luedke, Jacob L. Erickson, Margaret T. Jones, and Andrew R. Jagim. 2020. "Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Collegiate Women Soccer Athletes" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 5, no. 4: 96. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5040096