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J. Imaging
Volume 10
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10.3390/jimaging10030066
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Article

Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool for Ilio-Femoro-Caval Deep Venous Thrombosis

by
Lisbeth Lyhne
1,
Kim Christian Houlind
2,3,
Johnny Christensen
1,
Radu L. Vijdea
1,
Meinhard R. Hansen
1,
Malene Roland V. Pedersen
1,4,5,* and
Helle Precht
1,3,5
1
Department of Radiology, Kolding, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospitals of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
2
Department of Vascular Surgery Kolding, Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospitals of Southern Denmark, Sygehusvej 24, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
3
Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19, 3, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
4
Department of Radiology, Vejle Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Beriderbakken 4, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
5
Health Sciences Research Centre, UCL University College, Niels Bohrs Allé 1, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Imaging 2024, 10(3), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10030066
Submission received: 31 October 2023 / Revised: 23 February 2024 / Accepted: 2 March 2024 / Published: 8 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Medical Imaging)
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Abstract

This study aimed to test the accuracy of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based method to detect and characterise deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the ilio-femoro-caval veins. Patients with verified DVT in the lower extremities with extension of the thrombi to the iliac veins, who were suitable for catheter-based venous thrombolysis, were included in this study. Before the intervention, magnetic resonance venography (MRV) was performed, and the ilio-femoro-caval veins were independently evaluated for normal appearance, stenosis, and occlusion by two single-blinded observers. The same procedure was used to evaluate digital subtraction phlebography (DSP), considered to be the gold standard, which made it possible to compare the results. A total of 123 patients were included for MRV and DSP, resulting in 246 image sets to be analysed. In total, 496 segments were analysed for occlusion, stenosis, or normal appearance. The highest sensitivity compared occlusion with either normal or stenosis (0.98) in MRV, while the lowest was found between stenosis and normal (0.84). Specificity varied from 0.59 (stenosis >< occlusion) to 0.94 (occlusion >< normal). The Kappa statistic was calculated as a measure of inter-observer agreement. The kappa value for MRV was 0.91 and for DSP, 0.80. In conclusion, MRV represents a sensitive method to analyse DVT in the pelvis veins with advantages such as no radiation and contrast and the possibility to investigate the anatomical relationship in the area.
Keywords: deep venous thrombosis; magnetic resonance phlebography; digital subtraction phlebography deep venous thrombosis; magnetic resonance phlebography; digital subtraction phlebography

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lyhne, L.; Houlind, K.C.; Christensen, J.; Vijdea, R.L.; Hansen, M.R.; Pedersen, M.R.V.; Precht, H. Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool for Ilio-Femoro-Caval Deep Venous Thrombosis. J. Imaging 2024, 10, 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10030066

AMA Style

Lyhne L, Houlind KC, Christensen J, Vijdea RL, Hansen MR, Pedersen MRV, Precht H. Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool for Ilio-Femoro-Caval Deep Venous Thrombosis. Journal of Imaging. 2024; 10(3):66. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10030066

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lyhne, Lisbeth, Kim Christian Houlind, Johnny Christensen, Radu L. Vijdea, Meinhard R. Hansen, Malene Roland V. Pedersen, and Helle Precht. 2024. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool for Ilio-Femoro-Caval Deep Venous Thrombosis" Journal of Imaging 10, no. 3: 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10030066

APA Style

Lyhne, L., Houlind, K. C., Christensen, J., Vijdea, R. L., Hansen, M. R., Pedersen, M. R. V., & Precht, H. (2024). Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Diagnostic Tool for Ilio-Femoro-Caval Deep Venous Thrombosis. Journal of Imaging, 10(3), 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging10030066

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