Enhancement of Propagation Using Organic Materials and Growth Hormone: A Study on the Effectiveness of Growth and Rooting of Pomegranate Cuttings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Materials and Experimental Site
2.2. Application of Organic Materials and IBA
2.3. Preparation of Panchagavya
2.4. Measured Attributes
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Vegetative Growth
3.2. Rooting Attributes
3.3. Relationship of Vegetative Growth Parameters with Root Attributes
4. Discussion
4.1. Sprouting and Vegetative Growth
4.2. Rooting Percentage and Attributes
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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No. | Treatments | Materials and Procedures | Source of Materials |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Garlic | The basal part of the cutting was treated by rubbing with a sliced garlic clove. | Organic |
2 | Aloe vera | A piece of aloe vera (3–4 cm or 13–17 g) was vertically sliced, and the basal part of the cutting was covered before being placed into the rooting medium. | Organic |
3 | Banana | A 3–4 cm (17–20 g) long piece of banana was cut in the same manner as the aloe vera treatment. | Organic |
4 | Panchagavya | The cuttings were immersed in a 5% solution for 10 min and, during the second and third consecutive weeks, the same 5% solution was applied to the soil. A comprehensive explanation of the preparation technique and constituent elements can be found in Section 2.3. | Organic |
5 | IBA | A 2% solution of IBA (purity > 98%; Nacalai Tesque, Japan) mixed with talc was prepared by dissolving the hormone powder into 70% ethanol, and the cuttings were quickly dipped in this solution for 10 min. | Chemical |
6 | Control | Only water treatment. | Water |
Treatment | Longest Shoot Length (cm) | Apical Shoot Length (cm) | Total Shoot Length per Cutting (cm) | No. of Shoots per Cutting | Fresh Weight of Shoot (g) | Dry Weight of Shoot (g) | SPAD Value (as Reference) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 32.66 ± 3.2 b | 31.33 ± 3.2 b | 104.00 ± 1.3 ab | 3.73 ± 1.4 b | 5.25 ± 0.04 ab | 2.75 ± 1.88 ab | 40.43 ± 3.6 bc |
Garlic | 39.23 ± 1.9 ab | 34.03 ± 3.6 ab | 83.33 ± 4.5 b | 3.33 ± 1.2 b | 4.67 ± 0.06 bc | 1.95 ± 1.29 ab | 45.96 ± 2.7 ab |
Banana | 16.66 ± 6.1 c | 15.66 ± 6.0 c | 36.34 ± 5.6 c | 2.43 ± 1.5 b | 1.52 ± 0.02 c | 0.66 ± 0.58 b | 33.36 ± 4.1 c |
Aloe vera | 49.33 ± 2.3 a | 46.00 ± 5.2 a | 115.66 ± 15.6 a | 4.50 ± 1.0 b | 7.91 ± 0.20 ab | 3.93 ± 0.55 a | 53.26 ± 3.4 a |
Panchagavya | 47.70 ± 4.0 a | 43.66 ± 5.5 ab | 113.66 ± 4.6 ab | 7.33 ± 0.5 a | 8.80 ± 0.24 a | 4.74 ± 0.89 a | 49.23 ± 2.4 ab |
IBA | 46.00 ± 7.0 a | 39.50 ± 3.6 ab | 111.25 ± 14.3 ab | 5.25 ± 1.1 ab | 8.67 ± 0.40 a | 3.97 ± 0.89 a | 49.86 ± 4.8 ab |
p-values | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | ** | *** |
Treatment | Longest Root Length (cm) | No. of Roots per Cutting | No. of Acrobasal Roots | Root Diameter (mm) | Total Root Length (cm) | Fresh Weight of Roots (g) | Dry Weight of Roots (mg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 8.00 ± 2.1 bc | 10.00 ± 2.0 a | 4.22 ± 1.7 b | 0.73 ± 0.4 ab | 17.66 ± 4.16 ab | 0.22 ± 0.04 ab | 0.29 ± 0.15 a |
Garlic | 7.43 ± 0.9 bc | 3.66 ± 1.1 b | 0.33 ± 0.5 b | 0.66 ± 0.2 b | 17.35 ± 4.04 ab | 0.18 ± 0.06 ab | 0.22 ± 0.07 a |
Banana | 5.33 ± 1.3 c | 5.00 ± 1.0 b | 1.66 ± 1.5 b | 0.43 ± 0.3 b | 7.63 ± 2.08 b | 0.02 ± 0.02 b | 0.23 ± 0.40 a |
Aloe vera | 13.66 ± 1.5 a | 13.66 ± 1.1 a | 9.00 ± 2.3 a | 1.50 ± 0.2 a | 35.33 ± 9.69 ab | 0.72 ± 0.20 a | 0.43 ± 0.03 a |
Panchagavya | 11.33 ± 1.7 ab | 12.66 ± 1.1 a | 8.20 ± 2.0 a | 1.50 ± 0.3 a | 43.00 ± 10.58 a | 0.58 ± 0.24 ab | 0.42 ± 0.15 a |
IBA | 14.66 ± 2.5 a | 13.00 ± 2.6 a | 8.33 ± 1.5 a | 1.10 ± 0.1 ab | 39.33 ± 13.86 ab | 0.55 ± 0.40 ab | 0.59 ± 0.17 a |
p-values | *** | ** | *** | ** | * | * | ns |
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Aryan, S.; Gulab, G.; Safi, Z.; Durani, A.; Raghib, M.G.; Kakar, K.; Zahid, T.; Baber, B.M.; Ahlawat, Y.K.; Moussa, I.M.; et al. Enhancement of Propagation Using Organic Materials and Growth Hormone: A Study on the Effectiveness of Growth and Rooting of Pomegranate Cuttings. Horticulturae 2023, 9, 999. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090999
Aryan S, Gulab G, Safi Z, Durani A, Raghib MG, Kakar K, Zahid T, Baber BM, Ahlawat YK, Moussa IM, et al. Enhancement of Propagation Using Organic Materials and Growth Hormone: A Study on the Effectiveness of Growth and Rooting of Pomegranate Cuttings. Horticulturae. 2023; 9(9):999. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090999
Chicago/Turabian StyleAryan, Shafiqullah, Gulbuddin Gulab, Zabihullah Safi, Asmatullah Durani, Mohammad Ghani Raghib, Kifayatullah Kakar, Tayebullah Zahid, Bakht Munir Baber, Yogesh K. Ahlawat, Ihab Mohamed Moussa, and et al. 2023. "Enhancement of Propagation Using Organic Materials and Growth Hormone: A Study on the Effectiveness of Growth and Rooting of Pomegranate Cuttings" Horticulturae 9, no. 9: 999. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090999