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Horticulturae
Volume 11
Issue 7
10.3390/horticulturae11070724
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Efficiency of Artificial Pollination on the Hazelnut ‘Tonda Francescana®’ Cultivar and the Xenia Effects of Different Pollinizers

by
Rodrigo José de Vargas
1,*,
Simona Lucia Facchin
2,
Chiara Traini
2,
Nicola Cinosi
2,
Fabiola Villa
1,
Silvia Portarena
3,4,
Marta Sánchez-Piñero
5,
Mauro Brunetti
6,
Angela Baiocco
6,
Matteo Stabile
6 and
Daniela Farinelli
1,*
1
Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Campus of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Rua Pernambuco 1777, Marechal Cândido Rondon 85960000, PR, Brazil
2
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (DSA3), University of Perugia, Via Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
3
Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Marconi 2, 05010 Porano, Italy
4
National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
5
Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, University of Sevilla, Crta de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
6
Fondazione per la Istruzione Agraria in Perugia, Via Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Horticulturae 2025, 11(7), 724; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070724 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 16 May 2025 / Revised: 17 June 2025 / Accepted: 18 June 2025 / Published: 21 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Tree Crop Cultivation and Fruit Quality Assessment)
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Abstract

Pollination is a determining factor in achieving economic yield in hazelnut cultivation, and together with variable climate conditions, this requires the use of artificial pollination. This study evaluated the efficiency of artificial pollination performed with a manual sprayer using pollen from three pollinizer cultivars on the ‘Tonda Francescana®’ commercial orchard and the effect of different pollen sources on nuts. Dry pollens were applied by a Pollen Blower machine twice during female blooming. The pollen of ‘Nocchione’ determined the highest fruit set and yield per tree, even if it did not determine the highest blank seed percentage. The open pollinizers exhibited a lower sphericity and shape index (NSI), ‘Camponica’ pollen was associated with the biggest nut and kernel; ‘San Giovanni’ pollen showed higher nut elongation. Artificial pollination turned out to be a good tool to increase yield, but its efficiency is strongly influenced by the pollen used.
Keywords: fruit set; kernel percentage; kernel weight; kernel width; nut elongation; nut shape index fruit set; kernel percentage; kernel weight; kernel width; nut elongation; nut shape index
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MDPI and ACS Style

de Vargas, R.J.; Facchin, S.L.; Traini, C.; Cinosi, N.; Villa, F.; Portarena, S.; Sánchez-Piñero, M.; Brunetti, M.; Baiocco, A.; Stabile, M.; et al. The Efficiency of Artificial Pollination on the Hazelnut ‘Tonda Francescana®’ Cultivar and the Xenia Effects of Different Pollinizers. Horticulturae 2025, 11, 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070724

AMA Style

de Vargas RJ, Facchin SL, Traini C, Cinosi N, Villa F, Portarena S, Sánchez-Piñero M, Brunetti M, Baiocco A, Stabile M, et al. The Efficiency of Artificial Pollination on the Hazelnut ‘Tonda Francescana®’ Cultivar and the Xenia Effects of Different Pollinizers. Horticulturae. 2025; 11(7):724. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070724

Chicago/Turabian Style

de Vargas, Rodrigo José, Simona Lucia Facchin, Chiara Traini, Nicola Cinosi, Fabiola Villa, Silvia Portarena, Marta Sánchez-Piñero, Mauro Brunetti, Angela Baiocco, Matteo Stabile, and et al. 2025. "The Efficiency of Artificial Pollination on the Hazelnut ‘Tonda Francescana®’ Cultivar and the Xenia Effects of Different Pollinizers" Horticulturae 11, no. 7: 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070724

APA Style

de Vargas, R. J., Facchin, S. L., Traini, C., Cinosi, N., Villa, F., Portarena, S., Sánchez-Piñero, M., Brunetti, M., Baiocco, A., Stabile, M., & Farinelli, D. (2025). The Efficiency of Artificial Pollination on the Hazelnut ‘Tonda Francescana®’ Cultivar and the Xenia Effects of Different Pollinizers. Horticulturae, 11(7), 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11070724

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