Recent Developments in Lignocellulosic Biofuels, a Renewable Source of Bioenergy
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Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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School of Agriculture, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational University, Bhopal 462022, India
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Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, India
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Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, India
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Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Alessia Tropea and Mohammad Taherzadeh
Fermentation 2022, 8(4), 161; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040161
Received: 21 February 2022
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Revised: 9 March 2022
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Accepted: 16 March 2022
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Published: 3 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biofuels Production and Processing Technology)
Biofuel consists of non-fossil fuel derived from the organic biomass of renewable resources, including plants, animals, microorganisms, and waste. Energy derived from biofuel is known as bioenergy. The reserve of fossil fuels is now limited and continuing to decrease, while at the same time demand for energy is increasing. In order to overcome this scarcity, it is vital for human beings to transfer their dependency on fossil fuels to alternative types of fuel, including biofuels, which are effective methods of fulfilling present and future demands. The current review therefore focusses on second-generation lignocellulosic biofuels obtained from non-edible plant biomass (i.e., cellulose, lignin, hemi-celluloses, non-food material) in a more sustainable manner. The conversion of lignocellulosic feedstock is an important step during biofuel production. It is, however, important to note that, as a result of various technical restrictions, biofuel production is not presently cost efficient, thus leading to the need for improvement in the methods employed. There remain a number of challenges for the process of biofuel production, including cost effectiveness and the limitations of various technologies employed. This leads to a vital need for ongoing and enhanced research and development, to ensure market level availability of lignocellulosic biofuel.
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Keywords:
biomass; second-generation biofuel; bioenergy; bioethanol; biodiesel; non-fossil fuel
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MDPI and ACS Style
Rai, A.K.; Al Makishah, N.H.; Wen, Z.; Gupta, G.; Pandit, S.; Prasad, R. Recent Developments in Lignocellulosic Biofuels, a Renewable Source of Bioenergy. Fermentation 2022, 8, 161. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040161
AMA Style
Rai AK, Al Makishah NH, Wen Z, Gupta G, Pandit S, Prasad R. Recent Developments in Lignocellulosic Biofuels, a Renewable Source of Bioenergy. Fermentation. 2022; 8(4):161. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040161
Chicago/Turabian StyleRai, Ashutosh Kumar, Naief Hamoud Al Makishah, Zhiqiang Wen, Govind Gupta, Soumya Pandit, and Ram Prasad. 2022. "Recent Developments in Lignocellulosic Biofuels, a Renewable Source of Bioenergy" Fermentation 8, no. 4: 161. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation8040161
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