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Fermentation
Volume 7
Issue 4
10.3390/fermentation7040300
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Article

Submerged Fermentation of Animal Fat By-Products by Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi for the Production of Unsaturated Single Cell Oil

by
Sushil S. Gaykawad
1,
Sreerekha S. Ramanand
1,
Johanna Blomqvist
2,
Boris Zimmermann
2,
Volha Shapaval
2,
Achim Kohler
2,
Marije Oostindjer
3 and
Catherine Boccadoro
1,*
1
Norwegian Research Centre AS (NORCE), Prof. Olav Hanssensvei 15, 4021 Stavanger, Norway
2
Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
3
Norilia AS, Lørenveien 37, 0585 Oslo, Norway
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fermentation 2021, 7(4), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040300
Submission received: 31 October 2021 / Revised: 3 December 2021 / Accepted: 6 December 2021 / Published: 9 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food Wastes: Feedstock for Value-Added Products: 3rd Edition)
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Abstract

Animal waste fats were explored as a fermentation substrate for the production of high-value unsaturated single cell oil (SCO) using oleaginous fungi, Mucor circinelloides and Mortierella alpina. Both strains showed good growth and lipid accumulation when using animal fat as a single carbon source. The biomass concentration of 16.7 ± 2.2 gDCW/L and lipid content of 54.1%wt (of dry cell weight) were obtained for Mucor circinelloides in shake flask experiments, surpassing the biomass yield achieved in batch and fed-batch fermentation. In contrast, Mortierella alpina gave the highest biomass concentration (8.3 ± 0.3 gDCW/L) and lipid content (55.8%wt) in fed-batch fermentation. Fat grown Mortierella alpina was able to produce arachidonic acid (ARA), and the highest ARA content of 23.8%wt (of total lipid weight) was in fed-batch fermentation. Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) was produced by both fungal strains. At the end of fed-batch fermentation, the GLA yields obtained for Mucor circinelloides and Mortierella alpina were 4.51%wt and 2.77%wt (of total lipid weight), respectively. This study demonstrates the production of unsaturated SCO-rich fungal biomass from animal fat by fermentation.
Keywords: animal fat; PUFA; oleaginous fungi; fermentation; lipids animal fat; PUFA; oleaginous fungi; fermentation; lipids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gaykawad, S.S.; Ramanand, S.S.; Blomqvist, J.; Zimmermann, B.; Shapaval, V.; Kohler, A.; Oostindjer, M.; Boccadoro, C. Submerged Fermentation of Animal Fat By-Products by Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi for the Production of Unsaturated Single Cell Oil. Fermentation 2021, 7, 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040300

AMA Style

Gaykawad SS, Ramanand SS, Blomqvist J, Zimmermann B, Shapaval V, Kohler A, Oostindjer M, Boccadoro C. Submerged Fermentation of Animal Fat By-Products by Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi for the Production of Unsaturated Single Cell Oil. Fermentation. 2021; 7(4):300. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040300

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gaykawad, Sushil S., Sreerekha S. Ramanand, Johanna Blomqvist, Boris Zimmermann, Volha Shapaval, Achim Kohler, Marije Oostindjer, and Catherine Boccadoro. 2021. "Submerged Fermentation of Animal Fat By-Products by Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi for the Production of Unsaturated Single Cell Oil" Fermentation 7, no. 4: 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040300

APA Style

Gaykawad, S. S., Ramanand, S. S., Blomqvist, J., Zimmermann, B., Shapaval, V., Kohler, A., Oostindjer, M., & Boccadoro, C. (2021). Submerged Fermentation of Animal Fat By-Products by Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi for the Production of Unsaturated Single Cell Oil. Fermentation, 7(4), 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040300

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