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Article

Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi

by
Simona Dzurendova
1,*,
Boris Zimmermann
1,
Achim Kohler
1,
Kasper Reitzel
2,
Ulla Gro Nielsen
3,
Benjamin Xavier Dupuy--Galet
1,
Shaun Leivers
4,
Svein Jarle Horn
4 and
Volha Shapaval
1
1
Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1433 Ås, Norway
2
Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
3
Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
4
Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Christian Magnus Falsens vei 1, 1433 Ås, Norway
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2021, 7(4), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040300
Submission received: 16 March 2021 / Revised: 8 April 2021 / Accepted: 12 April 2021 / Published: 15 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Fungal Cell Biology, Metabolism and Physiology)
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Abstract

Calcium controls important processes in fungal metabolism, such as hyphae growth, cell wall synthesis, and stress tolerance. Recently, it was reported that calcium affects polyphosphate and lipid accumulation in fungi. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of calcium on the accumulation of lipids and polyphosphate for six oleaginous Mucoromycota fungi grown under different phosphorus/pH conditions. A Duetz microtiter plate system (Duetz MTPS) was used for the cultivation. The compositional profile of the microbial biomass was recorded using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the high throughput screening extension (FTIR-HTS). Lipid content and fatty acid profiles were determined using gas chromatography (GC). Cellular phosphorus was determined using assay-based UV-Vis spectroscopy, and accumulated phosphates were characterized using solid-state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Glucose consumption was estimated by FTIR-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR). Overall, the data indicated that calcium availability enhances polyphosphate accumulation in Mucoromycota fungi, while calcium deficiency increases lipid production, especially under acidic conditions (pH 2–3) caused by the phosphorus limitation. In addition, it was observed that under acidic conditions, calcium deficiency leads to increase in carotenoid production. It can be concluded that calcium availability can be used as an optimization parameter in fungal fermentation processes to enhance the production of lipids or polyphosphates.
Keywords: Mucoromycota; calcium; lipids; polyphosphates; carotenoids; biorefinery; fungi Mucoromycota; calcium; lipids; polyphosphates; carotenoids; biorefinery; fungi

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dzurendova, S.; Zimmermann, B.; Kohler, A.; Reitzel, K.; Nielsen, U.G.; Dupuy--Galet, B.X.; Leivers, S.; Horn, S.J.; Shapaval, V. Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040300

AMA Style

Dzurendova S, Zimmermann B, Kohler A, Reitzel K, Nielsen UG, Dupuy--Galet BX, Leivers S, Horn SJ, Shapaval V. Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7(4):300. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040300

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dzurendova, Simona, Boris Zimmermann, Achim Kohler, Kasper Reitzel, Ulla Gro Nielsen, Benjamin Xavier Dupuy--Galet, Shaun Leivers, Svein Jarle Horn, and Volha Shapaval. 2021. "Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi" Journal of Fungi 7, no. 4: 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040300

APA Style

Dzurendova, S., Zimmermann, B., Kohler, A., Reitzel, K., Nielsen, U. G., Dupuy--Galet, B. X., Leivers, S., Horn, S. J., & Shapaval, V. (2021). Calcium Affects Polyphosphate and Lipid Accumulation in Mucoromycota Fungi. Journal of Fungi, 7(4), 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040300

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