Evaluation of in Vivo Response of Three Biphasic Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration in a Sheep Model
1
Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
2
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
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Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
4
CNR NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
5
IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
6
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
7
Residency Program in Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vet. Sci. 2019, 6(4), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6040090
Received: 28 May 2019 / Revised: 19 September 2019 / Accepted: 23 October 2019 / Published: 9 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Italian Society of the Veterinary Sciences SISVet 2018)
Osteochondral defects are a common problem in both human medicine and veterinary practice although with important limits concerning the cartilaginous tissue regeneration. Interest in the subchondral bone has grown, as it is now considered a key element in the osteochondral defect healing. The aim of this work was to generate and to evaluate the architecture of three cell-free scaffolds made of collagen, magnesium/hydroxyapatite and collagen hydroxyapatite/wollastonite to be implanted in a sheep animal model. Scaffolds were designed in a bilayer configuration and a novel “Honey” configuration, where columns of hydroxyapatite were inserted within the collagen matrix. The use of different types of scaffolds allowed us to identify the best scaffold in terms of integration and tissue regeneration. The animals included were divided into four groups: three were treated using different types of scaffold while one was left untreated and represented the control group. Evaluations were made at 3 months through CT analysis. The novel “Honey” configuration of the scaffold with hydroxyapatite seems to allow for a better reparative process, although we are still far from obtaining a complete restoration of the defect at this time point of follow-up.
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Keywords:
osteochondral defects; scaffold; biomaterials
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MDPI and ACS Style
Crovace, A.M.; Giancamillo, A.D.; Gervaso, F.; Mangiavini, L.; Zani, D.; Scalera, F.; Palazzo, B.; Izzo, D.; Agnoletto, M.; Domenicucci, M.; Sosio, C.; Sannino, A.; Giancamillo, M.D.; Peretti, G.M. Evaluation of in Vivo Response of Three Biphasic Scaffolds for Osteochondral Tissue Regeneration in a Sheep Model. Vet. Sci. 2019, 6, 90.
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