Flaxseed and Carbohydrase Enzyme Supplementation Alters Hepatic n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Molecular Species and Expression of Genes Associated with Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chickens
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal Care and Diets
2.2. Lipid Profiling
2.3. Analysis of Phospholipid Molecular Species
2.4. RT-qPCR of Lipid Metabolism-Related Genes
2.5. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Diet Lipid Profile
3.2. Chicken Production Performance
3.3. Liver Lipid Profile
3.4. Liver Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Expression
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ingredient (g/100 g) | Control | Flax |
---|---|---|
Corn grain | 49.5 | 43.77 |
Soybean meal | 34.23 | 31.53 |
Wheat middlings | 8.82 | 7.72 |
Corn oil | 3.36 | - |
Canola oil | - | 2.92 |
Limestone | 1.98 | 1.98 |
Lysine | 0.27 | 0.27 |
DL-methionine | 0.33 | 0.33 |
Salt | 0.38 | 0.38 |
Dicalcium Phosphate | 0.61 | 0.6 |
Broiler premix 1 | 0.5 | 0.61 |
Wheat middlings | 8.3 | 9.1 |
Flaxseed | - | 10 |
Calculated analysis Metabolizable energy | 3186 | 3189 |
Crude protein (%) | 21.7 | 22 |
Fatty acids 2 (%) | ||
14:00 | 0 | 0.52 |
16:00 | 14.64 | 7.37 |
18:00 | 2.19 | 2.95 |
18:01 | 25.1 | 34.82 |
18:2n-6 | 54.21 | 27.62 |
18:3n-3 | 3.86 | 26 |
20:01 | 0 | 0.64 |
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Head, B.; Bionaz, M.; Cherian, G. Flaxseed and Carbohydrase Enzyme Supplementation Alters Hepatic n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Molecular Species and Expression of Genes Associated with Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chickens. Vet. Sci. 2019, 6, 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6010025
Head B, Bionaz M, Cherian G. Flaxseed and Carbohydrase Enzyme Supplementation Alters Hepatic n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Molecular Species and Expression of Genes Associated with Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chickens. Veterinary Sciences. 2019; 6(1):25. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6010025
Chicago/Turabian StyleHead, Brian, Massimo Bionaz, and Gita Cherian. 2019. "Flaxseed and Carbohydrase Enzyme Supplementation Alters Hepatic n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Molecular Species and Expression of Genes Associated with Lipid Metabolism in Broiler Chickens" Veterinary Sciences 6, no. 1: 25. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci6010025