Histopathological Grading, Clinical Staging and CD 31 Expression of Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Study Design
2.2. Histology
2.3. Immunohistochemistry
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics
3.2. Clinical Staging
3.3. Histological Grade and CD 31 Expression
3.4. Cellular Atypia and CD 31 Expression
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Differentiation | Score |
---|---|
Well differentiated: numerous irregular vascular channels predominate in all fields | 1 |
Moderately differentiated: ≥50% of the tumor has well-defined vascular channels | 2 |
Poorly differentiated: solid sheets of spindle cells with few vascular channels | 3 |
Nuclear pleomorphism | Score |
No difference in nuclear size and shape | 0 |
Minimal variation | 1 |
Moderate variation (2× size difference) | 2 |
Marked variation (>2× size difference) | 3 |
Mitotic count (in 10 high power [×40 objective] fields in 2.37 mm2) | Score |
0 to 10 | 0 |
11 to 20 | 1 |
21 to 30 | 2 |
>30 | 3 |
Tumor necrosis | Score |
No necrosis | 0 |
<25% | 1 |
25% to 50% | 2 |
>50% | 3 |
Histological grade (3-graded) | Total score |
Grade I | ≤5 |
Grade II | 6 to 9 |
Grade III | 10 to 12 |
Dog Number | Breed | Age (year) | Sex | Clinical Stage | Cellular Atypia | Differentiation | Nuclear Pleomorphism | Mitotic Count/2.37 mm2 (Mitotic Score) | Tumor necrosis | Histological Grade | CD 31 Intensity | Survival Time (days) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dachshund | 14 | M | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 (0) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
2 | Corgi | 8 | M | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 21 (2) | 1 | 2 | 0 | 10 |
3 | Bichon Frise | 9 | M | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 17 (1) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 13 |
4 | Golden retriever | 12 | M a | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 22 (2) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 17 |
5 | Mongrel | 10 | F | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 33 (3) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 19 |
6 | Schnauzer | 14 | M | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 (1) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 19 |
7 | Beagle | 11 | M | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 (0) | 0 | 2 | 3 | 38 |
8 | Schnauzer | 13 | M | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 (0) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 67 |
9 | Labrador | 11 | F | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 (0) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 69 |
10 | Corgi | 10.5 | M | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 (0) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 70 |
11 | Labrador | 9.5 | M | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 (0) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 74 |
12 | Toy poodle | 13.5 | F | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 (1) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 79 |
13 | Labrador | 10 | M | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 29 (2) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 110 |
14 | Bichon Frise | 12 | M a | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 15 (1) | 2 | 2 | 3 | 129 |
15 | Schnauzer | 11 | F | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 26 (2) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 171 |
16 | Poodle | 11.5 | M | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 (0) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 201 |
Survival Time (days) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predictor Variable | Level (Combined Categories) | Number of Dogs | Median | Range | p-Value a | |
1 | CD 31 intensity | 0, 1, 2 | 8 | 76.5 | 10–201 | 0.132 |
3 | 8 | 28.5 | 5–129 | |||
3 | Histopathological grade | 1 | 7 | 70 | 5–101 | 0.315 |
2 | 9 | 19 | 10–201 | |||
4 | Clinical stage | 1, 2 | 9 | 74 | 10–201 | 0.314 |
3 | 7 | 19 | 5–129 | |||
5 | Differentiation | 1 | 3 | 67 | 5–79 | 0.999 |
2, 3 | 13 | 69 | 10–201 | |||
6 | Nuclear pleomorphism | 1 | 6 | 73 | 5–129 | 0.999 |
2, 3 | 10 | 53.5 | 10–201 | |||
7 | Mitotic count | 0 | 5 | 74 | 67–201 | 0.282 |
1, 2, 3 | 11 | 19 | 5–171 | |||
8 | Tumor necrosis | 0 | 6 | 68 | 5–110 | 0.999 |
1, 2 | 10 | 44.5 | 10–201 | |||
9 | Age (year) | ≤11 | 9 | 69 | 10–171 | 0.999 |
>11 | 7 | 67 | 5–201 | |||
10 | Sex | Female | 4 | 74 | 19–171 | 0.569 |
Male | 12 | 52.5 | 5–201 |
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Chu, K.-T.; Nekouei, O.; Sandy, J.R. Histopathological Grading, Clinical Staging and CD 31 Expression of Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030190
Chu K-T, Nekouei O, Sandy JR. Histopathological Grading, Clinical Staging and CD 31 Expression of Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(3):190. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030190
Chicago/Turabian StyleChu, Ka-To, Omid Nekouei, and Jeanine Rhoda Sandy. 2023. "Histopathological Grading, Clinical Staging and CD 31 Expression of Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 3: 190. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030190