Figure 1.
A subset of the 320 ground truth data points listed in the .csv file. The fields contain the FID, longitude, latitude, elevation, the date and time of the beginning/end of collection, the rover’s solution status, and antenna height above the ground. Additionally, there are fields for the calculated precision (i.e., standard deviation, SD) in the x, y, and z dimensions, as well as the radial standard deviation (SD_r). The approximate horizontal and vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level is also reported. Antenna height, SD, and approximate accuracy at the 95% confidence level are reported in meters.
Figure 1.
A subset of the 320 ground truth data points listed in the .csv file. The fields contain the FID, longitude, latitude, elevation, the date and time of the beginning/end of collection, the rover’s solution status, and antenna height above the ground. Additionally, there are fields for the calculated precision (i.e., standard deviation, SD) in the x, y, and z dimensions, as well as the radial standard deviation (SD_r). The approximate horizontal and vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level is also reported. Antenna height, SD, and approximate accuracy at the 95% confidence level are reported in meters.
Figure 2.
A subset of the digitized field notes for the ground truth dataset. For each point collected, there is auxiliary information detailing the survey date, FID, presence/absence of Phragmites, the site characteristics, the corresponding field photograph ID, and any other notes. The full set of digitized field notes is available for download.
Figure 2.
A subset of the digitized field notes for the ground truth dataset. For each point collected, there is auxiliary information detailing the survey date, FID, presence/absence of Phragmites, the site characteristics, the corresponding field photograph ID, and any other notes. The full set of digitized field notes is available for download.
Figure 3.
A subset of the field photographs taken for each measured location. Each photograph has an identifier that corresponds to a specific point’s FID, as well as in the accompanying metadata containing location and copyright information. The full set of photos are available for download.
Figure 3.
A subset of the field photographs taken for each measured location. Each photograph has an identifier that corresponds to a specific point’s FID, as well as in the accompanying metadata containing location and copyright information. The full set of photos are available for download.
Figure 4.
(A) The location of Îles-de-Boucherville National Park (red circle) within the Canadian province of Quebec. Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic Projection, NAD83 (EPSG:102002)). (B) The five major islands that make up the extent of the park, shown in the St. Lawrence River near the Island of Montreal. Basemap is a PlanetScope Dove, image acquired on September 5, 2019. Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254.
Figure 4.
(A) The location of Îles-de-Boucherville National Park (red circle) within the Canadian province of Quebec. Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic Projection, NAD83 (EPSG:102002)). (B) The five major islands that make up the extent of the park, shown in the St. Lawrence River near the Island of Montreal. Basemap is a PlanetScope Dove, image acquired on September 5, 2019. Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254.
Figure 5.
Map of Îles-de-Boucherville National Park showing the 320 ground truth points. Red points indicate no Phragmites was present at the measured location, and green points indicate that Phragmites was present at the measured location. Areas where sampling was restricted due to active restoration efforts (purple) or private land (red) are also shown. Basemap is a PlanetScope Dove, image acquired on 5 September 2019. Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254.
Figure 5.
Map of Îles-de-Boucherville National Park showing the 320 ground truth points. Red points indicate no Phragmites was present at the measured location, and green points indicate that Phragmites was present at the measured location. Areas where sampling was restricted due to active restoration efforts (purple) or private land (red) are also shown. Basemap is a PlanetScope Dove, image acquired on 5 September 2019. Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254.
Figure 6.
The empirical cumulative distribution functions for different subsets of the data. Subsets (A) and (B) are the and , respectively, for the full dataset of 320 points. Subsets (C) and (D) are the and , respectively, for the subset of 177 points where the solution status was FLOAT. Subsets (E) and (F) are the and , respectively, for the subset of 143 points where the solution status was FIX. Each plot also illustrates the frequency distribution histogram for the associated metric.
Figure 6.
The empirical cumulative distribution functions for different subsets of the data. Subsets (A) and (B) are the and , respectively, for the full dataset of 320 points. Subsets (C) and (D) are the and , respectively, for the subset of 177 points where the solution status was FLOAT. Subsets (E) and (F) are the and , respectively, for the subset of 143 points where the solution status was FIX. Each plot also illustrates the frequency distribution histogram for the associated metric.
Figure 7.
(A) A mosaic of the four CASI-1500 flight lines acquired over Îles-de-Boucherville National Park on July 8, 2019 (Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254). The HSI are displayed as a true color RGB composite: 650 nm/548 nm/442 nm. The red rectangle shows the location of subset (B), which illustrates the appearance of Phragmites stands in the HSI (red arrows) and the location, as an example, of one of the ground truth points (FID 201) collected within a Phragmites stand. (C) shows a closeup of the HSI with individual pixels visible, and a 2.25 m buffer drawn around FID 201 to demonstrate that all pixels within the buffer are part of the Phragmites stand. (D) shows the corresponding field photograph for FID 201 to give context to the measured location.
Figure 7.
(A) A mosaic of the four CASI-1500 flight lines acquired over Îles-de-Boucherville National Park on July 8, 2019 (Projection: NAD83(CSRS)v7, EPSG:8254). The HSI are displayed as a true color RGB composite: 650 nm/548 nm/442 nm. The red rectangle shows the location of subset (B), which illustrates the appearance of Phragmites stands in the HSI (red arrows) and the location, as an example, of one of the ground truth points (FID 201) collected within a Phragmites stand. (C) shows a closeup of the HSI with individual pixels visible, and a 2.25 m buffer drawn around FID 201 to demonstrate that all pixels within the buffer are part of the Phragmites stand. (D) shows the corresponding field photograph for FID 201 to give context to the measured location.
Table 1.
The reported mean and standard deviation in positional accuracy of the CASI-1500 HSI acquired over Îles-de-Boucherville National Park in 2019.
Table 1.
The reported mean and standard deviation in positional accuracy of the CASI-1500 HSI acquired over Îles-de-Boucherville National Park in 2019.
| Easting | Northing |
---|
Mean error (m) | 0.91 | 0.67 |
Standard deviation (m) | ±0.98 | ±0.56 |
Table 2.
A list and descriptions of the fields in the ground truth dataset.
Table 2.
A list and descriptions of the fields in the ground truth dataset.
Field Name | Description |
---|
FID | The point’s numerical identifier (ObjectID of the ESRI shapefile) |
longitude | The measured longitude of the point |
latitude | The measured latitude of the point |
elevation | The measured elevation of the point (ellipsoidal height) |
collection_start | The date and time that collection of the point began |
collection_end | The date and time that collection of the point ended |
solution_status | The solution status at the time the point was collected |
antenna_height | The height of the antenna above the ground (m) |
sample_count | The number of measurements that were used in the calculation of the position |
SD_r * | The radial standard deviation (m) |
SD_x * | The standard deviation in the x dimension (m) |
SD_y * | The standard deviation in the y dimension (m) |
SD_z * | The standard deviation in the z dimension (m) |
ACC_r | The approximate horizontal accuracy at the 95% confidence level (m) |
ACC_z | The approximate vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level (m) |
Table 3.
A list and descriptions of the fields in the auxiliary field notes file.
Table 3.
A list and descriptions of the fields in the auxiliary field notes file.
Field Name | Description |
---|
GPS Survey Date | The date that the points were collected |
FID | The point’s numerical identifier (ObjectID of the ESRI shapefile) |
Phrag? (Y/N) | “Y” for “yes” or “N” for “no”, representing whether Phragmites was present at the specified point |
Site Characteristics | A brief description of the immediate area surrounding the measured point |
Photo ID | The identifier for the corresponding field photograph |
Other notes | Any other notes/comments regarding the measured point, surrounding area, or other characteristics |
Table 4.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the entire set of 320 points, reported in centimeters.
Table 4.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the entire set of 320 points, reported in centimeters.
Metric | Average | Standard Deviation | Minimum | Maximum |
---|
| 0.80 | 0.68 | 0.12 | 9.21 |
| 0.53 | 0.59 | 0.01 | 8.44 |
| 0.53 | 0.43 | 0.04 | 3.69 |
| 174.46 | 1.17 | 173.28 | 189.02 |
| 198.09 | 4.47 | 196.13 | 268.48 |
Table 5.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the subset of 143 points with a solution status as FIX, reported in centimeters.
Table 5.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the subset of 143 points with a solution status as FIX, reported in centimeters.
Metric | Average | Standard Deviation | Minimum | Maximum |
---|
| 0.54 | 0.79 | 0.13 | 9.21 |
| 0.37 | 0.72 | 0.06 | 8.44 |
| 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.04 | 3.69 |
| 174.02 | 1.37 | 173.31 | 189.02 |
| 197.43 | 6.24 | 196.27 | 268.48 |
Table 6.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the subset of 177 points with a solution status as FLOAT, reported in centimeters.
Table 6.
The average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of the precision and the approximate and calculated for the subset of 177 points with a solution status as FLOAT, reported in centimeters.
Metric | Average | Standard Deviation | Minimum | Maximum |
---|
| 1.01 | 0.48 | 0.12 | 2.84 |
| 0.66 | 0.40 | 0.01 | 1.85 |
| 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.09 | 2.74 |
| 174.82 | 0.82 | 173.28 | 177.99 |
| 198.63 | 2.02 | 196.13 | 206.76 |