Boltzmann-Based Empirical Model to Calculate Volume Loss during Spirit Ageing
by
Noemí del Toro del Toro 1,
Fredy Fong Casas 1,
Julio Ayan Rial 1,
Maria Caridad Portuondo González 1,
Harold Crespo Sariol 2,
José Navarro Campa 1,
Jan Yperman 3,*
,
Dries Vandamme 3 and
Robert Carleer 3
Noemí del Toro del Toro 1,
Fredy Fong Casas 1,
Julio Ayan Rial 1,
Maria Caridad Portuondo González 1,
Harold Crespo Sariol 2,
José Navarro Campa 1,
Jan Yperman 3,*,
Dries Vandamme 3 and
Robert Carleer 3
1
Santiago de Cuba Rum Factory, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba
2
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba 90500, Cuba
3
Research group of Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Agoralaan building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Beverages 2019, 5(4), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages5040060
Received: 15 July 2019 / Revised: 28 August 2019 / Accepted: 24 September 2019 / Published: 10 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distilled Beverages: Science and Technology Across the Supply Chain)
The Boltzmann equation is applied to fit data of volume loss for evaporation (in %) during spirit ageing in northern white oak (Quercus Alba) standard barrels of 205 L (+/− 10 L) using a temperature and humidity controlled cellar. The Boltzmann equation satisfactory fitted to the experimental data of the volume loss against temperature at constant humidity. Two parameters of the Boltzmann equation showed a linear dependency on the relative humidity of the air, while the other two parameters exhibited a constant value independently of the air humidity. The found empirical mathematical model can be used to calculate the volume loss for evaporation of spirits (40% v/v of ethanol) during ageing in terms of relative humidity (range: 40%–95%) and temperature (range: 10–30 °C) with significant accuracy.
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Keywords:
angel’s share; Boltzmann equation; ageing; volume loss; spirits
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MDPI and ACS Style
del Toro del Toro, N.; Fong Casas, F.; Ayan Rial, J.; Caridad Portuondo González, M.; Crespo Sariol, H.; Navarro Campa, J.; Yperman, J.; Vandamme, D.; Carleer, R. Boltzmann-Based Empirical Model to Calculate Volume Loss during Spirit Ageing. Beverages 2019, 5, 60.
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