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Volume 8
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10.3390/hydrology8030131
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Article

Integrating Drone Technology into an Innovative Agrometeorological Methodology for the Precise and Real-Time Estimation of Crop Water Requirements

by
Stavros Alexandris
1,
Emmanouil Psomiadis
1,*,
Nikolaos Proutsos
2,
Panos Philippopoulos
3,
Ioannis Charalampopoulos
4,
George Kakaletris
5,
Eleni-Magda Papoutsi
1,
Stylianos Vassilakis
1 and
Antoniοs Paraskevopoulos
6
1
Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., Votanikos, 11855 Athens, Greece
2
Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, Terma Alkmanos, 11528 Athens, Greece
3
Department of Digital Systems, University of the Peloponnese, Kladas, 23100 Sparta, Greece
4
Department of Crop Science, School of Plant Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., Votanikos, 11855 Athens, Greece
5
Communication & Information Technologies Experts S.A., Omiriou 22, Kessariani, 16122 Athens, Greece
6
Department of Agriculture Economy and Veterinary of Trifilia, 29 Eleftheriou Venizelou Str., 24500 Kyparissia, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Hydrology 2021, 8(3), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030131
Submission received: 18 June 2021 / Revised: 23 August 2021 / Accepted: 25 August 2021 / Published: 1 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Evaporation and Evaporative Demand)
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Abstract

Precision agriculture has been at the cutting edge of research during the recent decade, aiming to reduce water consumption and ensure sustainability in agriculture. The proposed methodology was based on the crop water stress index (CWSI) and was applied in Greece within the ongoing research project GreenWaterDrone. The innovative approach combines real spatial data, such as infrared canopy temperature, air temperature, air relative humidity, and thermal infrared image data, taken above the crop field using an aerial micrometeorological station (AMMS) and a thermal (IR) camera installed on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Following an initial calibration phase, where the ground micrometeorological station (GMMS) was installed in the crop, no equipment needed to be maintained in the field. Aerial and ground measurements were transferred in real time to sophisticated databases and applications over existing mobile networks for further processing and estimation of the actual water requirements of a specific crop at the field level, dynamically alerting/informing local farmers/agronomists of the irrigation necessity and additionally for potential risks concerning their fields. The supported services address farmers’, agricultural scientists’, and local stakeholders’ needs to conform to regional water management and sustainable agriculture policies. As preliminary results of this study, we present indicative original illustrations and data from applying the methodology to assess UAV functionality while aiming to evaluate and standardize all system processes.
Keywords: CWSI; UAV; remote sensing; micrometeorological data; spatial IRT measurements; crop irrigation scheduling and management; infrared radiometer sensors; real-time data analysis CWSI; UAV; remote sensing; micrometeorological data; spatial IRT measurements; crop irrigation scheduling and management; infrared radiometer sensors; real-time data analysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Alexandris, S.; Psomiadis, E.; Proutsos, N.; Philippopoulos, P.; Charalampopoulos, I.; Kakaletris, G.; Papoutsi, E.-M.; Vassilakis, S.; Paraskevopoulos, A. Integrating Drone Technology into an Innovative Agrometeorological Methodology for the Precise and Real-Time Estimation of Crop Water Requirements. Hydrology 2021, 8, 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030131

AMA Style

Alexandris S, Psomiadis E, Proutsos N, Philippopoulos P, Charalampopoulos I, Kakaletris G, Papoutsi E-M, Vassilakis S, Paraskevopoulos A. Integrating Drone Technology into an Innovative Agrometeorological Methodology for the Precise and Real-Time Estimation of Crop Water Requirements. Hydrology. 2021; 8(3):131. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030131

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandris, Stavros, Emmanouil Psomiadis, Nikolaos Proutsos, Panos Philippopoulos, Ioannis Charalampopoulos, George Kakaletris, Eleni-Magda Papoutsi, Stylianos Vassilakis, and Antoniοs Paraskevopoulos. 2021. "Integrating Drone Technology into an Innovative Agrometeorological Methodology for the Precise and Real-Time Estimation of Crop Water Requirements" Hydrology 8, no. 3: 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030131

APA Style

Alexandris, S., Psomiadis, E., Proutsos, N., Philippopoulos, P., Charalampopoulos, I., Kakaletris, G., Papoutsi, E.-M., Vassilakis, S., & Paraskevopoulos, A. (2021). Integrating Drone Technology into an Innovative Agrometeorological Methodology for the Precise and Real-Time Estimation of Crop Water Requirements. Hydrology, 8(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8030131

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