Systematic Assessment of Exposure Variations on Observed Bioactivity in Zebrafish Chemical Screening
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Test Agent Selection
2.2. Zebrafish Husbandry and Embryo Collection
2.3. Embryo Dechorionation and Plating
2.4. Chemical Exposure
2.5. MWCNT Exposure
2.6. Standard Exposure Regimen
2.7. Photomotor Responses
2.8. Experiment Overview
2.9. Daily Solution Renewals
2.10. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Chorion Status on Bioactivity
3.2. Effect of Light Status on Bioactivity
3.3. Effect of Exposure Regimen on Bioactivity
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Test Material | Category | CAS # | Original Supplier | Purity (%) | MW (g/mol) | Log KOW |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abamectin | Pesticide | 71751–41–2 | Sigma-Aldrich | 94.16 | 873.1 | 4.400 |
Chlorpyrifos | Pesticide | 2921–88–2 | Toronto Research Chemicals | 99.57 | 350.6 | 4.960 |
Estradiol | Hormone | 50–28–2 | Spectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp. * | 99.15 | 272.4 | 4.010 |
Hydroxyurea | Pharmaceutical | 127–07–1 | Sigma-Aldrich | 100.0 | 76.06 | −1.800 |
Naphthalene | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon | 91–20–3 | Sigma-Aldrich † | 99.90 | 128.2 | 3.300 |
Permethrin | Pesticide | 52645–53–1 | Chem Service, Inc. * | 100.0 | 391.3 | 6.500 |
Pyrene | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon | 129–00–0 | Thermo Fisher * | 98.10 | 202.3 | 4.880 |
Retene | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon | 483–65–8 | Santa Cruz Biotech † | 93.00 | 234.3 | 6.400 |
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes < 7 nm (MWCNT) | 2D Nanomaterial | 99685–96–8 | US Research Nanomaterials, Inc. | >97 | ------ | NA |
Chemical | Concentrations Tested |
---|---|
Abamectin | 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1 µM |
Chlorpyrifos | 0, 2.54, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µM |
Estradiol | 0, 1, 2.54, 5, 7, 9, 12, 16.4 µM |
Hydroxyurea | 0, 1, 2.54, 6.45, 16.4, 35, 74.8, 100 µM |
Naphthalene | 0, 1, 2.54, 6.45, 16.4, 35, 74.8, 100 µM |
Permethrin | 0, 1, 2.54, 5, 8, 12, 16.4, 35 µM |
Pyrene | 0, 1, 5, 16.5, 30, 50, 65, 100 µM |
Retene | 0, 1, 5, 20, 30, 45, 65, 100 µM |
MWCNT | 0, 10, 23.2, 50, 75, 100 µg/mL |
Morphological Endpoints Assessed | |
---|---|
24 hpf | mortality, delayed progression, spontaneous movement, notochord malformations |
120 hpf | mortality, yolk sac edema, pericardial edema, bent body axis, touch response, hatching failure (chorion-on condition only), and malformations of the eye, snout, jaw, otic vesicle, brain, somite, pectoral fin, caudal fin, trunk, swim bladder, notochord, pigment, and circulatory system |
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Wilson, L.B.; Truong, L.; Simonich, M.T.; Tanguay, R.L. Systematic Assessment of Exposure Variations on Observed Bioactivity in Zebrafish Chemical Screening. Toxics 2020, 8, 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040087
Wilson LB, Truong L, Simonich MT, Tanguay RL. Systematic Assessment of Exposure Variations on Observed Bioactivity in Zebrafish Chemical Screening. Toxics. 2020; 8(4):87. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040087
Chicago/Turabian StyleWilson, Lindsay B., Lisa Truong, Michael T. Simonich, and Robyn L. Tanguay. 2020. "Systematic Assessment of Exposure Variations on Observed Bioactivity in Zebrafish Chemical Screening" Toxics 8, no. 4: 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040087