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Volume 15
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10.3390/foods15173010
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

The Polyphenol-Enriched Salix songarica Extract Alleviate High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Inflamma-tion via the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-Arrestin-2/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway

by
Hao Li
1,†,
Nuoyu Ma
1,†,
Xuemei Dai
1,
Ruixin Lin
1,
Zhuo Yao
1,
Xiaoqi Yan
1,
Shangzhi Xu
1,
Yunhua Hu
1,
Wenwen Zhang
1,
Haixia Wang
1,
Qingzhe Yang
1,
Xinyong Guo
2,* and
Li Zhang
1,3,*
1
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
2
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
3
Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830002, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Foods 2026, 15(17), 3010; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15173010 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 17 June 2026 / Revised: 1 August 2026 / Accepted: 24 August 2026 / Published: 26 August 2026
(This article belongs to the Section Nutraceuticals, Functional Foods, and Novel Foods)
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Abstract

Salix songarica Andersson (S. songarica), a medicinal plant endemic to Xinjiang, exhibits high polyphenol content in its floral tissues. Although it shows anti-inflammatory potential, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of polyphenol-enriched S. songarica flower extract (SSFP) on inflammation and dyslipidemia in high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)-fed ApoE−/− mice. SSFP administration significantly improved serum lipid profiles, hepatic function, and systemic inflammatory biomarkers in these mice, while also attenuating histopathological inflammation in the liver, kidney, and colon. Furthermore, SSFP treatment upregulated the expression of GPR120 and β-arrestin-2 and suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In vitro experiments further showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of LPC18:1 was consistent with SSFP. Together, our results demonstrate that SSFP alleviates inflammation through the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-arrestin-2/NLRP3 signaling axis, supporting its potential application as a natural functional food ingredient.
Keywords: Salix songaraca Andersson; polyphenol-enriched extract; inflammatory response; LPC; GPR120 Salix songaraca Andersson; polyphenol-enriched extract; inflammatory response; LPC; GPR120
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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, H.; Ma, N.; Dai, X.; Lin, R.; Yao, Z.; Yan, X.; Xu, S.; Hu, Y.; Zhang, W.; Wang, H.; et al. The Polyphenol-Enriched Salix songarica Extract Alleviate High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Inflamma-tion via the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-Arrestin-2/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Foods 2026, 15, 3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15173010

AMA Style

Li H, Ma N, Dai X, Lin R, Yao Z, Yan X, Xu S, Hu Y, Zhang W, Wang H, et al. The Polyphenol-Enriched Salix songarica Extract Alleviate High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Inflamma-tion via the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-Arrestin-2/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Foods. 2026; 15(17):3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15173010

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Hao, Nuoyu Ma, Xuemei Dai, Ruixin Lin, Zhuo Yao, Xiaoqi Yan, Shangzhi Xu, Yunhua Hu, Wenwen Zhang, Haixia Wang, and et al. 2026. "The Polyphenol-Enriched Salix songarica Extract Alleviate High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Inflamma-tion via the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-Arrestin-2/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway" Foods 15, no. 17: 3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15173010

APA Style

Li, H., Ma, N., Dai, X., Lin, R., Yao, Z., Yan, X., Xu, S., Hu, Y., Zhang, W., Wang, H., Yang, Q., Guo, X., & Zhang, L. (2026). The Polyphenol-Enriched Salix songarica Extract Alleviate High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Inflamma-tion via the LPC18:1/GPR120/β-Arrestin-2/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. Foods, 15(17), 3010. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods15173010

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