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Volume 13
Issue 24
10.3390/foods13244164
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Article

Comparison of Multiple NIR Instruments for the Quantitative Evaluation of Grape Seed and Other Polyphenolic Extracts with High Chemical Similarities

by
Matyas Lukacs
1,
Flora Vitalis
1,
Adrienn Bardos
1,
Judit Tormási
2,
Krzysztof B. Bec
3,
Justyna Grabska
3,
Zoltan Gillay
1,
Rita A. Tömösközi-Farkas
2,
László Abrankó
2,
Donatella Albanese
4,
Francesca Malvano
4,
Christian W. Huck
3 and
Zoltan Kovacs
1,*
1
Department of Food Measurement and Process Control, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
2
Department of Food Chemistry and Analytics, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary
3
Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Leopold Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
4
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2024, 13(24), 4164; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244164
Submission received: 18 November 2024 / Revised: 12 December 2024 / Accepted: 17 December 2024 / Published: 23 December 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Non-Destructive Testing, In Situ Analysis, and Automated Sorting of Food/Agricultural Product Quality)
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Abstract

Grape seed extract (GSE), one of the world’s bestselling dietary supplements, is prone to frequent adulteration with chemically similar compounds. These frauds can go unnoticed within the supply chain due to the use of unspecific standard analytical methods for quality control. This research aims to develop a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) method for the rapid and non-destructive quantitative evaluation of GSE powder in the presence of multiple additives. Samples were prepared by mixing GSE with pine bark extract (PBE) and green tea extract (GTE) on different levels between 0.5 and 13% in singular and dual combinations. Measurements were performed with a desktop and three different handheld devices for performance comparison. Following spectral pretreatment, partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR)-based quantitative models were built to predict extract concentrations and various chemical parameters. Cross- and external-validated models could reach a minimum R2p value of 0.99 and maximum RMSEP of 0.27% for the prediction of extract concentrations using benchtop data, while models based on handheld data could reach comparably good results, especially for GTE, caffeic acid and procyanidin content prediction. This research shows the potential applicability of NIRS coupled with chemometrics as an alternate, rapid and accurate quality evaluation tool for GSE-based supplement mixtures.
Keywords: dietary supplement; grape seed extract; chemometrics; handheld device; near-infrared spectroscopy; machine learning dietary supplement; grape seed extract; chemometrics; handheld device; near-infrared spectroscopy; machine learning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lukacs, M.; Vitalis, F.; Bardos, A.; Tormási, J.; Bec, K.B.; Grabska, J.; Gillay, Z.; Tömösközi-Farkas, R.A.; Abrankó, L.; Albanese, D.; et al. Comparison of Multiple NIR Instruments for the Quantitative Evaluation of Grape Seed and Other Polyphenolic Extracts with High Chemical Similarities. Foods 2024, 13, 4164. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244164

AMA Style

Lukacs M, Vitalis F, Bardos A, Tormási J, Bec KB, Grabska J, Gillay Z, Tömösközi-Farkas RA, Abrankó L, Albanese D, et al. Comparison of Multiple NIR Instruments for the Quantitative Evaluation of Grape Seed and Other Polyphenolic Extracts with High Chemical Similarities. Foods. 2024; 13(24):4164. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244164

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lukacs, Matyas, Flora Vitalis, Adrienn Bardos, Judit Tormási, Krzysztof B. Bec, Justyna Grabska, Zoltan Gillay, Rita A. Tömösközi-Farkas, László Abrankó, Donatella Albanese, and et al. 2024. "Comparison of Multiple NIR Instruments for the Quantitative Evaluation of Grape Seed and Other Polyphenolic Extracts with High Chemical Similarities" Foods 13, no. 24: 4164. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244164

APA Style

Lukacs, M., Vitalis, F., Bardos, A., Tormási, J., Bec, K. B., Grabska, J., Gillay, Z., Tömösközi-Farkas, R. A., Abrankó, L., Albanese, D., Malvano, F., Huck, C. W., & Kovacs, Z. (2024). Comparison of Multiple NIR Instruments for the Quantitative Evaluation of Grape Seed and Other Polyphenolic Extracts with High Chemical Similarities. Foods, 13(24), 4164. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13244164

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