Changes in Eating Behaviour during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among the Inhabitants of Five European Countries
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Participants
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Meal Consumption Regularity, Eating Behaviours, Frequency of Food Consumption
2.2.2. Impact of the Pandemic on the Weight Reduction Diet
2.2.3. Physical Activity
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics
3.2. Meal Consumption Regularity
3.3. Eating Behaviours
3.4. Frequency of Food Consumption
3.5. Impact of the Pandemic on the Weight Reduction Diet
3.6. Physical Activity
4. Discussion
4.1. Principal Findings
4.1.1. Country Differences
4.1.2. Age Differences
4.1.3. Place of Residence (Village or City)
4.2. Study Strengths and Weaknesses
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | n (%) |
---|---|
Ntotal | 279 (100.00) |
Country | |
Poland | 100 (36.00) |
Great Britain (England and Scotland) | 56 (20.00) |
Spain | 58 (21.00) |
Italy | 31 (11.00) |
Portugal Age | 34 (12.00) |
<35 years | 160 (57.35) |
>35 years | 119 (42.65) |
Gender | |
female | 226 (81.00) |
male | 53 (19.00) |
Poland (n = 100) | England and Scotland (n = 56) | Spain (n = 58) | Portugal (n = 34) | Italy (n = 31) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of Surveyed (%) | |||||
No change | |||||
<35 years | 22.08 * | 53.85 | 47.22 | 18.18 | 60.00 |
>35 years | 69.57 * | 46.67 | 40.91 | 43.48 | 66.67 |
Meals became less regular | |||||
<35 years | 16.88 * | 19.23 | 25.00 | 45.45 | 20.00 |
>35 years | 13.04 * | 13.33 | 36.36 | 21.74 | 14.29 |
Meals became more regular | |||||
<35 years | 61.04 * | 26.92 | 27.78 | 36.36 | 20.00 |
>35 years | 17.39 * | 40.00 | 22.73 | 34.78 | 19.05 |
Poland | England and Scotland | Spain | Portugal | Italy | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of Surveyed (%) | ||||||
Positive Impact | 8.00 | 3.57 | 20.69 | 2.94 | 12.90 | |
Negative Impact | 9.00 | 17.86 | 13.79 | 32.35 | 25.81 | 0.0064 |
No impact | 18.00 | 25.00 | 17.24 | 11.76 | 25.81 | |
I’m not on the weight reduction diet | 65.00 | 53.57 | 48.28 | 52.95 | 35.48 |
Poland | England and Scotland | Portugal | Spain | Italy | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of Surveyed (%) | |||||
<35 years | |||||
I’m not on the weight reduction diet | 66.23 | 73.08 | 45.45 | 55.56 | 60.00 |
Positive Impact | 9.09 | 3.85 | 9.09 | 16.67 | 30.00 |
Negative impact | 9.09 | 11.54 | 36.36 | 8.33 | 10.00 |
No impact | 15.58 | 11.54 | 9.09 | 19.44 | 0.00 |
>35 years | |||||
I’m not on the weight reduction diet | 60.87 | 36.67 | 56.52 | 36.36 | 23.81 |
Positive Impact | 4.35 | 3.33 | 0.00 | 27.27 | 4.76 |
Negative Impact | 8.07 | 23.33 | 30.43 | 22.73 | 33.33 |
No impact | 26.09 | 36.67 | 13.04 | 13.64 | 38.10 |
p-value | 0.6629 | 0.0301 | 0.6192 | 0.2654 | 0.0068 |
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Górska, P.; Górna, I.; Miechowicz, I.; Przysławski, J. Changes in Eating Behaviour during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among the Inhabitants of Five European Countries. Foods 2021, 10, 1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10071624
Górska P, Górna I, Miechowicz I, Przysławski J. Changes in Eating Behaviour during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among the Inhabitants of Five European Countries. Foods. 2021; 10(7):1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10071624
Chicago/Turabian StyleGórska, Paulina, Ilona Górna, Izabela Miechowicz, and Juliusz Przysławski. 2021. "Changes in Eating Behaviour during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic among the Inhabitants of Five European Countries" Foods 10, no. 7: 1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10071624