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Volume 10
Issue 2
10.3390/foods10020308
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Article

Sisymbrium Officinale (the Singers’ Plant) as an Ingredient: Analysis of Somatosensory Active Volatile Isothiocyanates in Model Food and Drinks

by
Patrizia De Nisi
1,
Gigliola Borgonovo
2,
Samuele Tramontana
2,
Silvia Grassi
2,
Claudia Picozzi
2,
Leonardo Scaglioni
2,
Stefania Mazzini
2,
Nicola Mangieri
2 and
Angela Bassoli
2,*
1
Gruppo Ricicla, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-DISAA, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
2
Department of Food, Environment and Nutrition-DeFENS, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Luisa Torri
Foods 2021, 10(2), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020308
Received: 28 December 2020 / Revised: 28 January 2021 / Accepted: 31 January 2021 / Published: 3 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemosensory Perception in Food)
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Abstract

Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. (hedge mustard) is a wild common plant of the Brassicaceae family. It is known as “the singers’ plant” for its traditional use in treating aphonia and vocal disability. The plant is rich in glucosinolates and isothiocyanates; the latter has been demonstrated to be a strong agonist in vitro of the Transient Receptor Potential Ankirine 1 (TRPA1) channel, which is involved in the somatosensory perception of pungency as well as in the nociception pathway of inflammatory pain. Volatile ITCs are released by the enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis of GLSs (glucosinolates) during sample crushing and/or by the mastication of fresh plant tissues when the plant is used as an ingredient. Some functional food and drink model preparations have been realised: honey enriched with seeds and flowers, infusions, cold drink (voice drink), artisanal beer, and a fermented tea (kombucha). Using SPME-GCMS chromatography, we analysed samples of the plant and of the food preparations adopting conditions that simulate the release of isothiocyanates (ITCs) during oral assumption. Two active compounds, iso-propylisothiocyanate and 2-butylisothiocyanate, have been assayed. The concentration of ITCs varies according to temperature, pH, grinding conditions, and different plant organs used. Kombucha-type fermentation seems to eliminate the ITCs, whereas they are retained in beer. The ITCs’ concentration is higher when entire seeds and flowers are used. View Full-Text
Keywords: Sisymbrium officinale; isothiocyanates; HS-SPME-GC/MS; TRPA1 ion channel; somatosensory; trigeminal perception Sisymbrium officinale; isothiocyanates; HS-SPME-GC/MS; TRPA1 ion channel; somatosensory; trigeminal perception
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

De Nisi, P.; Borgonovo, G.; Tramontana, S.; Grassi, S.; Picozzi, C.; Scaglioni, L.; Mazzini, S.; Mangieri, N.; Bassoli, A. Sisymbrium Officinale (the Singers’ Plant) as an Ingredient: Analysis of Somatosensory Active Volatile Isothiocyanates in Model Food and Drinks. Foods 2021, 10, 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020308

AMA Style

De Nisi P, Borgonovo G, Tramontana S, Grassi S, Picozzi C, Scaglioni L, Mazzini S, Mangieri N, Bassoli A. Sisymbrium Officinale (the Singers’ Plant) as an Ingredient: Analysis of Somatosensory Active Volatile Isothiocyanates in Model Food and Drinks. Foods. 2021; 10(2):308. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020308

Chicago/Turabian Style

De Nisi, Patrizia, Gigliola Borgonovo, Samuele Tramontana, Silvia Grassi, Claudia Picozzi, Leonardo Scaglioni, Stefania Mazzini, Nicola Mangieri, and Angela Bassoli. 2021. "Sisymbrium Officinale (the Singers’ Plant) as an Ingredient: Analysis of Somatosensory Active Volatile Isothiocyanates in Model Food and Drinks" Foods 10, no. 2: 308. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020308

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