A 5 kW Nearly-Single-Mode Monolithic Fiber Laser Emitting at ~1050 nm Employing Asymmetric Bi-Tapered Ytterbium-Doped Fiber
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Setup
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. TMI Mitigation by Optimizing Working Temperature of Pump Source
3.2. Power Scaling of the Monolithic Fiber Laser by Enhancing Seed Power
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Augst, S.; Ranka, J.; Fan, T.; Sanchez, A. Beam combining of ytterbium fiber amplifiers (Invited). J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2007, 24, 1707–1715. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Fan, T.Y. Laser beam combining for high-power, high-radiance sources. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. 2005, 11, 567–577. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kablukov, S.; Dontsova, E.; Akulov, V.; Vlasov, A.; Babin, S. Frequency doubling of Yb-doped fiber laser to 515 nm. Laser Phys. 2010, 20, 360–364. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, F.; Ma, J.; Wei, C.; Zhu, R.; Zhou, W.; Yuan, Q.; Pan, S.; Zhang, J.; Yize, W.; Dou, J. 10 kW-level spectral beam combination of two high power broad-linewidth fiber lasers by means of edge filters. Opt. Express 2017, 25, 32783–32791. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Regelskis, K.; Hou, K.; Raciukaitis, G.; Galvanauskas, A. Spatial-dispersion-free spectral beam combining of high power pulsed Yb-doped fiber lasers. In Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2008 Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science, San Jose, CA, USA, 4–9 May 2008. [Google Scholar]
- Kurkov, A.S. Oscillation spectral range of Yb-doped fiber lasers. Laser Phys. Lett. 2007, 4, 93–102. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tao, R.; Ma, P.; Wang, X.; Zhou, P.; Liu, Z. Study of wavelength dependence of mode instability based on a semi-analytical model. IEEE J. Quantum Elect. 2015, 51, 1–6. [Google Scholar]
- Schmidt, O.; Wirth, C.; Rhein, S.; Rekas, M.; Kliner, A.; Schreiber, T.; Eberhardt, R.; Tunnermann, A. 697 W 12 pm linewidth of fiber generated and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at 1 µm. In Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference, Munich, Germany, 22–26 May 2011. [Google Scholar]
- Naderi, N.; Dajani, I.; Flores, A. High-efficiency, kilowatt 1034 nm all-fiber amplifier operating at 11 pm linewidth. Opt. Lett. 2016, 41, 1018–1021. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sun, Y.; Ke, W.; Feng, Y.; Wang, Y. 1030 nm Kilowatt-Level Ytterbium-Doped Narrow Linewidth Fiber Amplifier. Chin. J. Lasers 2016, 43, 0601003. [Google Scholar]
- Platonov, N.; Yagodkin, R.; Cruz, D.; Alexander, Y.; Valentin, P. 1.5 kW linear polarized on PM fiber and 2kW on non-PM fiber narrow linewidth CW diffraction-limited fiber amplifier. Proc. SPIE 2017, 100850, 158–163. [Google Scholar]
- Chu, Q.; Zhao, P.; Lin, H.; Liu, Y.; Wang, B.; Guo, C.; Tang, X.; Tang, C.; Jing, F. kW-level 1030 nm polarization-maintained fiber laser with narrow linewidth and near-diffraction-limited beam quality. Appl. Opt. 2018, 57, 2992–2996. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chu, Q.; Shu, Q.; Liu, Y.; Tao, R.; Yan, D.; Lin, H.; Wang, J.; Jing, F. 3 kW high OSNR 1030 nm single-mode monolithic fiber amplifier with a 180 pm linewidth. Opt. Lett. 2020, 45, 6502–6505. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jafari, N.; Batebi, S.; Sarikhani, S.; Chenar, R. A high power 1030 nm ytterbium doped fiber laser with a near diffraction limited quality using a 20/400 μm active fiber. Laser Phys. 2022, 32, 075103. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, Y.; Sheng, Q.; Wang, P.; Cui, X.; Zhao, Y.; Xu, H.; Ding, X.; Fang, Q.; Shi, W.; Yao, J. 2.4 kW 1045 nm narrow-spectral-width monolithic single-mode CW fiber laser by using an FBG-based MOPA configuration. Appl. Opt. 2021, 60, 3740–3746. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zheng, Y.; Han, Z.; Li, Y.; Li, F.; Wang, H.; Zhu, R. 3.1 kW 1050 nm narrow linewidth pumping-sharing oscillator-amplifier with an optical signal-to-noise ratio of 45.5 dB. Opt. Express 2022, 30, 12670–12683. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jauregui, C.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. High-power fibre lasers. Nat. Photonics 2013, 7, 861–867. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Eidam, T.; Wirth, C.; Jauregui, C.; Stutzki, F.; Jansen, F.; Otto, H.; Schmidt, O.; Schreiber, T.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. Experimental observations of the threshold-like onset of mode instabilities in high power fiber amplifiers. Opt. Express 2011, 19, 13218–13224. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Filippov, V.; Chamorovskii, Y.; Kerttula, J.; Golant, K.; Pessa, M.; Okhotnikov, O.G. Double clad tapered fiber for high power applications. Opt. Express 2008, 16, 1929–1944. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Trikshev, A.I.; Kurkov, A.S.; Tsvetkov, V.B.; Filatova, S.A.; Kertulla, J.; Filippov, V.; Chamorovskiy, Y.K.; Okhotnikov, O.G. A 160 W single-frequency laser based on an active tapered double-clad fiber amplifier. Laser Phys. Lett. 2013, 10, 65101. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hejaz, K.; Shayganmanesh, M.; Roohforouz, A.; Nasirabad, R.; Abedinajafi, A.; Azizi, S.; Vatani, V. Transverse mode instability threshold enhancement in Ybdoped fiber lasers by cavity modification. Appl. Opt. 2018, 57, 5992–5997. [Google Scholar]
- Bobkov, K.; Levchenko, A.; Kashaykina, T.; Aleshkina, S.; Bubnov, M.; Lipatov, D.; Laptev, A.; Guryanov, A.; Leventoux, Y.; Granger, G.; et al. Scaling of average power in sub-MW peak power Yb-doped tapered fiber picosecond pulse amplifiers. Opt. Express 2021, 29, 1722–1735. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Filippov, V.; Chamorovskii, Y.; Kerttula, J.; Kholodkov, A.; Okhotnikov, O.G. 600 W power scalable single transverse mode tapered double-clad fiber laser. Opt. Express 2009, 17, 1203–1214. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zeng, L.; Wang, X.; Ye, Y.; Wang, L.; Yang, B.; Xi, X.; Wang, P.; Pan, Z.; Zhang, H.; Shi, C.; et al. High Power Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Lasers Employing Longitudinal Vary Core Diameter Active Fibers. Photonics 2023, 10, 147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Filippov, V.; Chamorovskii, Y.; Kerttula, J.; Kholodkov, A.; Okhotnikov, O.G. Single-mode 212 W tapered fiber laser pumped by a low-brightness source. Opt. Lett. 2008, 33, 1416–1418. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fedotov, A.; Noronen, T.; Gumenyuk, R.; Ustimchik, V.; Chamorovskii, Y.; Golant, K.; Odnoblyudov, M.; Rissanen, J.; Niemi, T.; Filippov, V. Ultra-large core birefringent Yb-doped tapered double clad fiber for high power amplifiers. Opt. Express 2018, 26, 6581–6592. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Filippov, V.; Kerttula, J.; Chamorovskii, Y.; Golant, K.; Okhotnikov, O.G. Highly efficient 750 W tapered double-clad ytterbium fiber laser. Opt. Express 2010, 18, 12499–12512. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zeng, L.; Pan, Z.; Xi, X.; Yang, H.; Ye, Y.; Huang, L.; Zhang, H.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z.; Zhou, P. 5 kW monolithic fiber amplifier employing homemade spindle-shaped ytterbium-doped fiber. Opt. Lett. 2021, 46, 1393–1396. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gapontsev, D. 6 kW CW single mode ytterbium fiber laser in all-fiber format. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Solid State and Diode Laser Technology Review, Albuquerque, NM, USA, 2–5 June 2008. [Google Scholar]
- O’Connor, M.; Gapontsev, V.; Fomin, V.; Abramov, M.; Ferin, A. Power Scaling of SM Fiber Lasers toward 10 kW. In Proceedings of the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/International Quantum Electronics Conference, Baltimore, MA USA, 31 May–5 June 2009. [Google Scholar]
- Shcherbakov, E.; Fomin, V.; Abramov, A.; Ferin, A.; Mochalov, D.; Gapontsev, V. Industrial grade 100 kW power CW fiber laser. In Proceedings of the Advanced Solid-State Lasers Congress, Paris, France, 27 October–1 November 2013. [Google Scholar]
- Wood, D.; Walker, K.; Macchesney, J.; Simpson, J.; Csencsits, R. Germanium chemistry in the MCVD process for optical fiber fabrication. J. Light. Technol. 1987, 5, 277–285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tao, R.; Ma, P.; Wang, X.; Zhou, P.; Liu, Z. Mitigating of modal instabilities in linearly-polarized fiber amplifiers by shifting pump wavelength. J. Opt. 2015, 17, 45504. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wan, Y.; Xi, X.; Yang, B.; Zhang, H.; Wang, X. Enhancement of TMI Threshold in Yb-Doped Fiber Laser by Optimizing Pump Wavelength. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 2021, 33, 656–659. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Otto, H.; Stutzki, F.; Jansen, F.; Eidam, T.; Jauregui, C.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. Temporal dynamics of mode instabilities in high-power fiber lasers and amplifiers. Opt. Express 2012, 20, 15710–15722. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Otto, H.; Jauregui, C.; Stutzki, F.; Jansen, F.; Limpert, J.; Tünnermann, A. Controlling mode instabilities by dynamic mode excitation with an acousto-optic deflector. Opt. Express 2013, 21, 17285–17298. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Beier, F.; Möller, F.; Sattler, B.; Nold, J.; Liem, A.; Hupel, C.; Kuhn, S.; Hein, S.; Haarlammert, N.; Schreiber, T.; et al. Experimental investigations on the TMI thresholds of low-NA Yb-doped single-mode fibers. Opt. Lett. 2018, 43, 1291–1294. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Beier, F.; Hupel, C.; Kuhn, S.; Hein, S.; Nold, J.; Proske, F.; Sattler, B.; Liem, A.; Jauregui, C.; Limpert, J.; et al. Single mode 4.3 kW output power from a diode-pumped Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Opt. Express 2017, 25, 14892–14899. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Liu, W.; Ma, P.; Lv, H.; Xu, J.; Zhou, P.; Jiang, Z. General analysis of SRS-limited high-power fiber lasers and design strategy. Opt. Express 2016, 24, 26715–26721. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Year | Wavelength | Output Power | M2 Factor | Efficiency | Affiliation * | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 1030 nm | 0.697 kW | 69% (Slope) | FSU Jena | [8] | |
2016 | 1034 nm | 1 kW | M2 < 1.1 | 81% (Slope) | AFRL | [9] |
2016 | 1030 nm | 1.01 kW | 81% (O-O) | CAEP | [10] | |
2017 | 1032 nm | 2.2 kW | M2 < 1.1 | 40% (E-O) | IPG Photonics | [11] |
2018 | 1030 nm | 1 kW | M2 < 1.1 | 63.8% (O-O) | CAEP | [12] |
2020 | 1030 nm | 3 kW | M2 < 1.2 | 82% (O-O) | CAEP | [13] |
2022 | 1030 nm | 0.735 kW | M2 ≈ 1.16 | 77% (O-O) | GUT | [14] |
2021 | 1045 nm | 2.4 kW | M2 ≈ 1.2 | 80.4% (O-O) | TJU | [15] |
2022 | 1050 nm | 3.1 kW | M2 ≈ 1.33 | 75% (O-O) | NJUST | [16] |
2023 | 1050 nm | 5 kW | M2 ≈ 1.47 | 83.1% (O-O) | NUDT |
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Meng, X.; Li, F.; Yang, B.; Wang, P.; Yan, Z.; Ye, Y.; Xi, X.; Zhang, H.; Pan, Z.; Wang, X.; et al. A 5 kW Nearly-Single-Mode Monolithic Fiber Laser Emitting at ~1050 nm Employing Asymmetric Bi-Tapered Ytterbium-Doped Fiber. Photonics 2023, 10, 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101158
Meng X, Li F, Yang B, Wang P, Yan Z, Ye Y, Xi X, Zhang H, Pan Z, Wang X, et al. A 5 kW Nearly-Single-Mode Monolithic Fiber Laser Emitting at ~1050 nm Employing Asymmetric Bi-Tapered Ytterbium-Doped Fiber. Photonics. 2023; 10(10):1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101158
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeng, Xiangming, Fengchang Li, Baolai Yang, Peng Wang, Zhiping Yan, Yun Ye, Xiaoming Xi, Hanwei Zhang, Zhiyong Pan, Xiaolin Wang, and et al. 2023. "A 5 kW Nearly-Single-Mode Monolithic Fiber Laser Emitting at ~1050 nm Employing Asymmetric Bi-Tapered Ytterbium-Doped Fiber" Photonics 10, no. 10: 1158. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101158