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Volume 12
Issue 8
10.3390/separations12080205
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Preparation of EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-Activated Carbon Composite and Its Adsorption Performance for Typical Heavy Metals

by
Yannan Lv
1,2,†,
Shenrui Han
1,2,†,
Wenqing Wen
1,2,
Xinzhu Bai
1,2,
Qiao Sun
1,2,
Li Chen
2,
Haonan Zhang
2,
Fansong Mu
1,3,* and
Meng Luo
1,2,4,5,*
1
Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572025, China
2
College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
3
College of Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
4
Hainan Key Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-Environment and Carbon Sink, Sanya 572022, China
5
Modern Marine Ranching Engineering Research Center of Hainan, Sanya 572022, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Separations 2025, 12(8), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12080205
Submission received: 30 May 2025 / Revised: 18 July 2025 / Accepted: 1 August 2025 / Published: 6 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Advanced Materials and Technologies in the Separation and Adsorption)
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Abstract

This study developed a new magnetic adsorbent from waste coconut shells using high-temperature carbonization, EDTA-2Na chelation, and Fe3O4 magnetic loading. Response surface methodology optimized the preparation conditions to a mass ratio of activated carbon: EDTA-2Na:Fe3O4 = 2:0.6:0.2. Characterization (SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and EDS) showed that EDTA-2Na increased the surface carboxyl and amino group density, while Fe3O4 loading (Fe concentration 6.83%) provided superior magnetic separation performance. The optimal adsorption conditions of Cu2+ by EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-activated carbon composite material are as follows: when pH = 5.0 and the initial concentration is 180 mg/L, the equilibrium adsorption capacity reaches 174.96 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 97.2%. The optimal adsorption conditions for Pb2+ are as follows: when pH = 6.0 and the initial concentration is 160 mg/L, the equilibrium adsorption capacity reaches 157.60 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 98.5%. The optimal adsorption conditions for Cd2+ are pH = 8.0 and an initial concentration of 20 mg/L. The equilibrium adsorption capacity reaches 18.76 mg/g, and the removal rate reaches 93.8%. The adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 > 0.95) and Langmuir/Freundlich isotherm models, indicating chemisorption dominance. Desorption experiments using 0.1 mol/L HCl and EDTA-2Na achieved efficient desorption (>85%), and the material retained over 80% of its adsorption capacity after five cycles. This cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent offers a promising solution for heavy metal wastewater treatment.
Keywords: coconut shell activated carbon; EDTA-2Na; Fe3O4; heavy metal adsorption; magnetic separation; adsorption performance coconut shell activated carbon; EDTA-2Na; Fe3O4; heavy metal adsorption; magnetic separation; adsorption performance
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lv, Y.; Han, S.; Wen, W.; Bai, X.; Sun, Q.; Chen, L.; Zhang, H.; Mu, F.; Luo, M. Preparation of EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-Activated Carbon Composite and Its Adsorption Performance for Typical Heavy Metals. Separations 2025, 12, 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12080205

AMA Style

Lv Y, Han S, Wen W, Bai X, Sun Q, Chen L, Zhang H, Mu F, Luo M. Preparation of EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-Activated Carbon Composite and Its Adsorption Performance for Typical Heavy Metals. Separations. 2025; 12(8):205. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12080205

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lv, Yannan, Shenrui Han, Wenqing Wen, Xinzhu Bai, Qiao Sun, Li Chen, Haonan Zhang, Fansong Mu, and Meng Luo. 2025. "Preparation of EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-Activated Carbon Composite and Its Adsorption Performance for Typical Heavy Metals" Separations 12, no. 8: 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12080205

APA Style

Lv, Y., Han, S., Wen, W., Bai, X., Sun, Q., Chen, L., Zhang, H., Mu, F., & Luo, M. (2025). Preparation of EDTA-2Na-Fe3O4-Activated Carbon Composite and Its Adsorption Performance for Typical Heavy Metals. Separations, 12(8), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12080205

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