Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation

Zhang, Jie; Yu, Yinhui; Wu, Sumin; Zhu, Wenjiang; Liu, Wenqian

doi:10.3390/pr13082410

Open AccessArticle

Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation

by

Jie Zhang

^1,*,

Yinhui Yu

¹,

Sumin Wu

¹,

Wenjiang Zhu

¹ and

Wenqian Liu

^1,2

¹

China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China

²

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Processes 2025, 13(8), 2410; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082410

Submission received: 30 June 2025 / Revised: 20 July 2025 / Accepted: 21 July 2025 / Published: 29 July 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Analysis of Adaptive Identification and Control)

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Abstract

The High-Pressure Common Rail System (HPCRS) is designed based on fundamental hydrodynamic principles, after which this paper formally defines the key control challenges. The proposed continuous sliding mode control strategy is developed based on a non-singular terminal sliding mode framework, integrated with an improved power reaching law. This design effectively eliminates chattering and achieves fast dynamic response with enhanced tracking precision. Subsequently, a bidirectional adaptive mechanism is integrated into the proposed control scheme to eliminate the necessity for a priori knowledge of unknown disturbances within the HPCRS. This mechanism enables real-time evaluation of the system’s state relative to a predefined detection region. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, experimental studies are conducted under three distinct operating conditions. The experimental results indicate that, compared with conventional rail pressure controllers, the proposed method achieves superior tracking accuracy, faster dynamic response, and improved disturbance rejection.

Keywords: sliding mode control; adaptive control; high pressure common rail system (HPCRS); continuous sliding mode

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, J.; Yu, Y.; Wu, S.; Zhu, W.; Liu, W. Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation. Processes 2025, 13, 2410. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082410

AMA Style

Zhang J, Yu Y, Wu S, Zhu W, Liu W. Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation. Processes. 2025; 13(8):2410. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082410

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Jie, Yinhui Yu, Sumin Wu, Wenjiang Zhu, and Wenqian Liu. 2025. "Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation" Processes 13, no. 8: 2410. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082410

APA Style

Zhang, J., Yu, Y., Wu, S., Zhu, W., & Liu, W. (2025). Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation. Processes, 13(8), 2410. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13082410

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Adaptive Continuous Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for High-Pressure Common Rail Systems: Design and Experimental Validation

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